Ban misogynistic online porn, review proposes

Degrading, violent and misogynistic pornography should be banned, a review of the industry has recommended.

The review, commissioned by the previous government and headed by the Conservative peer Baroness Gabby Bertin, urges ministers to give regulator Ofcom sweeping powers to police porn sites deemed to contain "harmful" material.

It proposes outlawing "degrading, violent and misogynistic content", including making it illegal to possess or publish pornography showing women being choked during sex.

Non-fatal strangulation is already an offence if someone does not consent but its depiction online is not illegal and the review finds it is "rife on mainstream platforms".

The review proposes that porn videos considered too harmful for any certificate in the offline world should be banned online.

Baroness Bertin argues that online pornography contributes to some of the "gravest issues in our society, from domestic violence to toxic masculinity to the mental health crisis among young people".

She told the BBC: "I'm not saying that people shouldn't watch porn. I'm not saying porn shouldn't exist. I'm not a prude."

However, her 32 recommendations on what government should do about the "high-harm sector" of legal online pornography are likely to initiate a debate about how far the state should police people's sex lives.

Baroness Bertin said online porn was not "properly scrutinised and regulated" in the same way as offline content.

"It strikes me as incredible that to buy a DVD, which sounds so sort of retro, the BBFC [British Board of Film Classification] has to put a stamp on it, has to check that certain standards have been met. That there's no sense you are encouraging child sexual abuse. No harmful, degrading, humiliating practices which is not through consensual roleplay," she told the BBC.

"You just have to go on the homepages of some of these mainstream sites and you will see of all that degrading content – particularly violent towards women – and it's all there for everyone to see."

Her report suggests pornography websites depicting the non-fatal choking of women during sex has normalised such behaviour in the real world, with violent and degrading material rife on mainstream platforms amid a "total absence of government scrutiny".

The review cites research suggesting that over a quarter of the nation regularly accesses online porn with a third of all men watching material at least once a week. It concludes that increasingly disturbing content is "rewiring" the way young people think about gender, sex and their role in society.

The Department for Science Innovation and Technology said it would look at the links the review highlighted.

"We have already announced we will ban the creation of intimate deepfakes without consent and from next month under the Online Safety Act platforms will have to proactively tackle illegal content including extreme pornography and sexual abuse material," the spokesperson said.

"But further action is needed to address the review's shocking finding that graphic strangulation is increasingly appearing in pornography, despite being illegal, and is becoming normalised in real life.

"We will urgently ensure that platforms, law enforcement and prosecutors take all necessary steps to tackle this disturbing harm."

Science and Technology Secretary Peter Kyle, speaking to BBC Radio 4's Today programme ahead of publication, said he would act to adapt the law if needed.

"I know that this content is harmful to many of the people who currently have free access to it.

"We have the powers to prevent people getting the access to it, even if the material is provided from elsewhere.

"We just need to find ways of making sure that that is done efficiently and effectively."

'Confusing world'

Baroness Bertin argues that her proposals for sweeping new controls in currently legal pornography online would prevent real-world violence against women and girls.

The review relates how a 14-year-old boy asked a teacher how to choke girls during sex and suggests online porn has created "such a confusing world for our sons".

"They are, quite rightly, encouraged and taught to reject sexist attitudes, while a subterranean online world of pornography is simultaneously showing them that anything goes," Baroness Bertin writes.

Ministers are urged to fund programmes for boys and young men which encourage positive masculinity and counter misogynistic culture.

The report quotes BBC research suggesting up to 38% of British women had experienced being strangled during intercourse, but notes that nearly half of those women wanted to be choked. "This is important in demonstrating freedom of sexual expression and its nuance," the review says.

Nevertheless, the report concludes that society has decided that "enough is enough" of harmful online pornography and its impact on young people.

Measures to increase regulation of pornography, including to prevent children accessing explicit content, are already part of the Online Safety Act, which became law in October 2023.

Sign up for our Politics Essential newsletter to read top political analysis, gain insight from across the UK and stay up to speed with the big moments. It'll be delivered straight to your inbox every weekday.