'Vauxhall was shaped by family and a can-do spirit'

The assembly line at Vauxhall Motors in Luton where workers put the finishing touches to new cars in August 1960

The last van has rolled off the Vauxhall production line 120 years after the company relocated to Luton. The closure has seen former director and historian Ian Coomber reminiscing about life at the manufacturing giant.

Ian Coomber, who has written a book about Vauxhall's history, spent 38 years working at the company before retiring in 2001

The image of lines of buses, parked along the main road as far as the eye could see, is seared into the memory of Ian Coomber, who joined Vauxhall as a technical apprentice in 1963.

The buses were waiting and ready to pick up some of the Luton plant's 24,000 workers.

As a boy, Mr Coomber enjoyed a love of cars, but growing up in Brighton on the south coast he had no experience of living in a place shaped by the industry.

An opening celebration was held almost 120 years ago to the day the last van is due to roll off Vauxhall's production line in Luton

Vauxhall had been the only car manufacturer to offer a training scheme for those wanting to pursue a degree at that time.

After an "Apprentice-style" interview, with applicants divided into groups and sent running round the sprawling site to find all manner of strangely-named items, he was one of a handful of people to be awarded a traineeship.

Vauxhall started manufacturing cars in 1903 and was named after the area of London where its original ironworks company was based before relocating to a newly-built industrial estate in Luton in 1905

In those days, the Luton plant did not have any proper car parks and most workers arrived by bicycle or bus.

During each shift - with the site running 24 hours a day - the gates were shut to the employees until the "hooters" would sound to let everyone know they could go home.

"To my Brighton eyes, it was amazing," said Mr Coomber.

"There would be 30-40 buses rowed down Kimpton Road and when the hooter went up, the buses would fill."

The factory gates at the Luton plant would be closed until employees were dismissed from each shift, alerted by the sound of hooters

After completing his mechanical engineering degree at Edinburgh University and going back to work at Luton full-time, it did not take Mr Coomber long to work out what made Vauxhall tick as one of the UK's leading manufacturers.

"Family and a can-do spirit - that was it," said Mr Coomber.

"There was this Vauxhall-ness that ran through everything.

"Vauxhall had always been about the people... in the 1930s when it was a mini-Detroit they would put people on maintenance rather than lay them off like other places in Coventry, etc.

"The other manufacturers used to refer to Luton as the 'turnip patch', because everything was so tranquil."

Such was Vauxhall's overriding importance and legacy in the Bedfordshire town, families would covet apprenticeships for their children.

Employees' offspring would be awarded extra points on their job applications to boost their chances.

"[Vauxhall] set up this idea of family because the father would get his son an apprenticeship and that son would go on to try to get his son an apprenticeship - because it was almost surety of a decent job," said Mr Coomber.

"It had all kinds of dynasties in it."

US firm General Motors took over Vauxhall in 1925 and the manufacturer started to grow its Luton base

Vauxhall stopped producing cars during WW2 and instead manufactured tanks, trucks and jerry cans

Perks such as being able to fish at some of the best riverside spots in the county, membership of the then nationally renowned Vauxhall men's choir and access to its sprung ballroom floor in the canteen building, were also only open to staff.

Recreational facilities were based in the "impressive-looking" canteen building, stood on a hill, with a "club for everything".

"It was a circular sort of thing - you worked for Vauxhall and Vauxhall did stuff for you," said Mr Coomber.

The management at Vauxhall knew how monotonous production line work could be so provided a range of perks, Mr Coomber said

Managers were also aware of trying to relieve the monotony of working on the production line.

Celebrities of the time, such as the actor Anthony Newley and even the London Philharmonic Orchestra, would perform on the canteen's huge stage for broadcasts of the BBC radio's lunchtime roadshow, Workers' Playtime, to boost morale.

During the war effort, Vauxhall's design department created inflatable trucks to dupe the Germans

It was a formula that bolstered the original blueprint that the US-based General Motors had been forced to find when it bought the floundering company in 1925 as it looked to gain a foothold in Europe.

"They didn't get the product right for a long time - the cars were too expensive, too rooted in the past and it took until 1931 and the appointment of [managing director Charles] Bartlett, who was a driving force, to get the right cars for the UK market," said Mr Coomber.

Winston Churchill inspecting the Churchill tank, with designs going from the drawing board to the Vauxhall production line in just a hundred days, Mr Coomber said

The first Mk2 Cavalier came off the production line in 1981

Mr Coomber said he was aware of how fundamental the mass market choice, the Cavalier, had been to the car maker's fortunes.

Brought out in 1981, Mr Coomber said it gained a 17% market share and was valued by both fleet and retail customers for its huge mileage, while being economical and stylish.

Prices could also be pushed up through optional extras such as CD players and electric windows.

The Cavalier model was updated with new designs and options over the years and was boasting sleeker lines in 1993/1994

"Then we got into the limited editions and very pretentiously we called one the Antibes," recalled Mr Coomber.

"I can remember going into a dealer showroom and the salesman said 'we got a new Anti Bees one in the other day' and I thought 'Oh God'.

"The dealers were at the sharp end - they were the guys who told you whether you got it right or wrong."