Virtual retina could help vision loss - university

The research team has detailed how the retina can build its complex structure from just one type of stem cell

New computer modelling could help scientists better understand how the retina regenerates and assist with treatments for vision loss, according to researchers.

The University of Surrey said the model was the first of its kind and capable of "detailing how the retina can build its complex structure from just one type of stem cell".

The research team has simulated key stages of retinogenesis – the process by which identical original cells diversify into the six types of neurons that make up the retina.

A spokesperson said the research would "deepen our understanding of how sight develops and how its development could inform studies of injury or disease".

Cayla Harris, lead researcher from the University of Surrey's nature inspired computing and engineering group, said: "The beauty of biology is that complex structures can emerge from simple rules.

"Our simulations show how genetically identical cells can, through intrinsic bias and chance, self-organise into the retina's highly ordered layers – a pattern that underpins how we see the world."

'Powerful' tool

The team modelled virtual cells that grow, divide and make decisions based on internal gene-regulation logic, mimicking biological behaviour.

They tested different network designs for how genes might interact when cells decide what kind of neuron to become.

This approach could with understanding of not just healthy eye development but also what happens in retinal diseases and how stem cells might rebuild tissue, according to the researchers.

Dr Roman Bauer, senior lecturer, said: "Computational modelling gives us a powerful way to explore biological processes we can't easily observe in real time.

"By simulating every cell's decision and interaction, we can test hypotheses about how tissues like the retina form – and how to restore them when damaged."

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