How sinking of luxury yacht off Sicily unfolded
Divers searching off the coast of Porticello
- Published
One man has died and six people are missing after a luxury yacht sank in freak weather conditions off the coast of Sicily.
The 56m British-flagged Bayesian was carrying 22 people - 12 passengers and 10 crew - when a heavy storm that created waterspouts struck early on Monday.
Fifteen people were rescued and a search operation for those unaccounted for - who include the British tech tycoon Mike Lynch - is continuing.
Here is what we know about the tragedy so far and how it unfolded.
What happened to the yacht?
The Bayesian was struck by a sudden and powerful storm in the early hours of Monday morning, witnesses say.
It was reportedly anchored to the sea bed outside the harbour at Porticello, a small fishing village to the east of Palermo, when what the Italian coastguard described as a "violent storm" hit.
The storm was so fierce that it caused waterspouts, or rotating columns of air and mist, to appear over the sea.
The vessel disappeared beneath the water at about 05:00 local time (04:00 BST).
A doctor treating survivors said the ship "capsized within a few minutes".
Witnesses told Italian news agency Ansa that the Bayesian’s anchor was down when the storm struck, causing the 72m (236ft) aluminium mast to break in half and the ship to lose its balance and sink.
However, divers on the search and rescue team have said the ship was "practically intact" on the seabed, raising questions as to whether the mast was broken.
The ship's unusually tall mast may have contributed to its sinking, according to Matthew Schanck, chair of the Maritime Search and Rescue Council.
He told BBC Radio 4's Today programme that the mast acted almost like a sail in the strong wind "especially with it being so high".
The extreme winds could have caught the mast and pushed the yacht over, he said.
Karsten Borner, captain of a nearby boat, said after the storm had passed, the crew noticed the yacht that had been behind them had disappeared.
"We saw a red flare, so my first mate and I went to the position, and we found this life raft drifting," he told Reuters.
His crew took on board some survivors, including three who were seriously injured.
Another witness, Fabio Cefalù, captain of a trawler, said he was about to go out on a fishing trip when he saw flashes of lightning so he stayed in the harbour.
"At about 04:15 we saw a flare in the sea," he said, according to the EVN news agency reports.
"We waited for this waterspout to pass. After 10 minutes we went out to the sea and we saw cushions and all the rest of the boat [that had sunk], and everything which was on the deck, at sea. However, we did not see any people in the sea.”
'A big disaster' says captain of rescue boat
Another fisherman described seeing the yacht sinking "with my own eyes".
Speaking to the newspaper Giornale di Sicilia, the witness said he was at home when the tornado hit.
"Then I saw the boat, it had only one mast, it was very big," he said.
Shortly afterwards he went down to the Santa Nicolicchia bay in Porticello to get a better look at what was happening.
He added: "The boat was still floating, then all of a sudden it disappeared. I saw it sinking with my own eyes."
One of the survivors, British tourist Charlotte Golunski, told Italian newspaper La Repubblica how she held up her one-year-old daughter Sofia to stop her from drowning.
She said the two of them and her partner James survived only because they were up on deck when the yacht sank.
They were woken by “thunder, lightning and waves that made our boat dance”, and it felt like "the end of the world" before they were thrown into the water.
Charlotte said: "For two seconds I lost my daughter in the sea, then quickly hugged her amid the fury of the waves."
She added: "I held her afloat with all my strength, my arms stretched upwards to keep her from drowning.
"It was all dark. In the water I couldn't keep my eyes open. I screamed for help, but all I could hear around me was the screams of others."
What is the latest with the search?
Six passengers remain missing and the Palermo coastguard says the search and rescue operation is continuing "incessantly".
The search began on Monday and specialist divers have been working at the site since early on Tuesday morning.
One diver told Italian media the yacht was "practically intact" on its side at the ocean's basin, about 50m below the surface.
The ship's hull is obstructed with furniture and various objects, the Italian fire and rescue service has said.
Divers are looking for ways to access the yacht's cabins, but they have just 10 minutes to search on each dive before they need to return to the surface, the Italian news agency Ansa has reported.
A 1cm thick glass window is also being considered as an entry point.
Francesco Venuto, a spokesperson for Sicily's civil protection agency, told the BBC on Monday rescue teams fear the bodies of those missing "must be" in the boat.
"We've been searching all day with helicopters and boats, we've found nothing. That wouldn't make sense. In these conditions, we should have found something by now," he added.
A specialist caving search and rescue diving team arrived from Rome on Monday, hoping to "achieve results" either during the night or by Tuesday morning at the latest, the director general of Sicily's civil protection agency, Salvatore Cocina, said.
On Monday, the UK's Marine Accident Investigation Branch sent a team of four investigators to carry out a preliminary assessment of the Bayesian's sinking, the BBC understands.
Watch: Rescue operations resume in Sicily for second day
Who was on board?
Tech tycoon Mike Lynch is among those who are missing
There were 22 people on board when the storm hit, including 12 passengers and 10 crew.
The body of one man has been recovered. He has not been formally identified, but the Palermo coastguard said he was the ship's cook. His nationality has not been confirmed.
Among the six people still missing is 59-year-old tech entrepreneur Mike Lynch, known by some as the "British Bill Gates".
Mr Lynch founded software giant Autonomy in 1996 and was awarded an OBE for services to enterprise in 2006.
In June, he was cleared of conducting a massive fraud relating to an $11bn (£8.64bn) sale to US company Hewlett Packard.
Afterwards, he told the BBC in an interview he had been able to prove his innocence only because he had the wealth to pay the enormous legal fees required.
The other missing people include Mr Lynch's 18-year-old daughter Hannah, Morgan Stanley International bank chairman Jonathan Bloomer, and Clifford Chance lawyer Chris Morvillo.
Mr Lynch's wife Angela Bacares is among the 15 people to have been rescued, with eight of those receiving treatment in hospital, the Italian coastguard said.
Charlotte Golunski, her husband and daughter Sofia were also rescued and were unharmed, but taken to hospital for check-ups.
She said they had been on the yacht with a group of colleagues.
The daily Il Giornale di Sicilia newspaper reported the vessel had mostly British passengers on board, but also people from New Zealand, Sri Lanka, Ireland and British-French citizens.
A doctor based in Palermo said the "very tired" survivors were "constantly asking about the missing people".
Dr Domenico Cipolla told Reuters that one woman he treated described the trip as a "corporate holiday", with some of those on board "very young".
"There were a lot of work colleagues, friends, a few husbands, wives, or a couple of friends who had joined in," he adds.
Charlotte Golunski was rescued along with her husband and baby daughter
What is a waterspout and why do they form?
CCTV captures moment storm hits Sicily coast near Palermo
A waterspout is similar to a tornado and can form over oceans, seas or large lakes.
The western half of the Mediterranean has experienced severe storms since the middle of last week.
Through Sunday night and into Monday morning, a zone of bad weather passed by the north coast of Sicily.
BBC Weather forecaster Matt Taylor said: "A waterspout is a tornado that has occurred over water rather than land.
"They can form during intense storms, on the base of cumulonimbus/thunder clouds.
"Turbulence, and the wind blowing in slightly different directions around the cloud, can cause rotation under the base of the cloud and the spout to form.
"Like tornadoes, they bring powerful winds, but instead of picking up dust and debris they cause a water mist around the column of rotating air."
What is the Bayesian, and who owns it?
The superyacht can accommodate up to 12 guests in six suites, and is listed for rent for up to €195,000 (£166,000) a week.
It was built in 2008 by Italian company Perini Navi.
The Bayesian's registered owner is listed as Revtom Ltd, which is based on the Isle of Man.
The yacht's name is understood to derive from the Bayesian theory, which Mr Lynch's PhD thesis and the software that made his fortune was based on.
Mr Lynch's wife Ms Bacares is named as the sole legal owner of Revtom, which is registered in the Isle of Man.
The Bayesian completed a number of sailings in recent days, calling at various ports in Sicily, according to ship-tracking website VesselFinder.
A spokesperson for Camper and Nicholsons International, the firm that manages the 2008-built boat, told BBC Verify: "Our priority is assisting with the ongoing search and providing all necessary support to the rescued passengers and crew."