New plans to widen police powers for disruptive protests

Environmental activists Just Stop Oil are among those to use tactics like blocking roads

Police could be allowed to shut down protests before they cause serious disruption, under new government plans.

Downing Street said the proposals would help officers clamp down on "a disruptive minority" who use tactics like blocking roads and slow marching.

It said the changes seek to give police greater flexibility and clarity over when they can intervene.

But human rights group Liberty said the proposals amounted to an attack on the right to protest.

The plans will be set out in an amendment to the Public Order Bill, due to be introduced on Monday.

Its aim is to crack down on disruptive protests by groups like environmental activists Just Stop Oil, Insulate Britain and Extinction Rebellion, which have used tactics including blocking roads.

The bill, which covers England and Wales, is currently being scrutinised by the House of Lords and any changes at this stage could be blocked by peers before they become law.

The proposals are likely to provoke strong opposition from some peers, who have been critical of previous attempts to increase police powers to shut down protests.

• Is it legal for Just Stop Oil to block roads?

• How will the Police and Crime Bill change protests?

No 10 said the changes would mean police would not have to wait for disruption to take place to shut down a protest.

It said forces could also consider the "total impact" of a series of protests by the same group, rather than seeing them as standalone incidents.

Prime Minister Rishi Sunak said: "The right to protest is a fundamental principle of our democracy, but this is not absolute. A balance must be struck between the rights of individuals and the rights of the hard-working majority to go about their day-to-day business.

"We cannot have protests conducted by a small minority disrupting the lives of the ordinary public."

Chief Constable BJ Harrington, the National Police Chiefs' Council lead for public order and public safety, said: "This will support officers in confidently and quickly taking action and making arrests where appropriate."

All we know about the proposals to stop what the government calls "disruptive protests" is a press release issued by Downing Street.

Number 10 says an amendment to the Public Order Bill will give police "greater flexibility and clarity" in their ability to stop demonstrators using "guerrilla tactics" and causing "chaos".

But, as things stand, we have little in the way of clarity because everything hinges on a definition of "serious disruption" and we do not yet have one.

Opposition parties and civil liberty campaigners argue the police already have powers to deal with dangerous or highly disruptive protest. The Public Order Bill would introduce serious disruption orders, allowing police to place restrictions on individuals and greater stop and search powers.

However, senior police officers argue there is a need for greater clarity given the complexity of case law. The Metropolitan Police Commissioner, Sir Mark Rowley, says he wants to know "where the balance of rights should be struck". The policing of the vigil for Sarah Everard inspired legal action which saw the High Court rule in March last year that the handling breached the rights of the organisers.

But Martha Spurrier, director of human rights group Liberty, said the proposals were "a desperate attempt to shut down any route for ordinary people to make their voices heard".

She said allowing the police to shut down protests before any disruption had taken place "sets a dangerous precedent".

Labour leader Sir Keir Starmer said the tactics of Just Stop Oil activists were wrong and "deeply arrogant" but police already had the power to take action against them.

He told LBC officers could be given greater clarity over when to intervene without the need for legislation.

Labour peer Baroness Shami Chakrabarti, a former director of Liberty, said police already had adequate powers to arrest people obstructing highways and the government's proposals gave officers "a blank cheque".

"This, I fear, is about treating all peaceful dissent as effectively terrorism," she told BBC Radio 4's Today programme.

"This degree of pre-emption will basically shut down the kind of dissent that isn't even causing disruption at all because their definition will set such a low bar."

The Just Stop Oil group described the proposal as "a sinister and authoritarian attempt to undermine the basic human rights that underpin our democracy".

The Public Order Bill already included provisions to create a new criminal offence for interfering with key national infrastructure like oil refineries and railways and for "locking on".

That tactic - where someone locks themselves to an object or building - has been used by some climate protesters.

The bill builds on the controversial Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act, which passed last year and was criticised by some groups for introducing curbs on the right to protest.

Under this existing legislation, if the police want to restrict a protest, they generally have to show it may result in "serious public disorder, serious damage to property or serious disruption to the life of the community".