Ukrainians dance in the dark to battle power cuts

Alla, Oleksandr and their daughter Ulyana experience energy blackouts on a daily basis

Russia's continuing assault on Ukraine's energy infrastructure with missile and drone strikes has seen the country's power reportedly cut by a third, with the grid operator now urging people to cut their electricity usage as much as they can.

In the central city of Kremenchuk, residents are dealing with blackouts every couple of hours. And yet, the BBC finds, people are determined to stay the course.

"Russia thinks Ukraine is weaker because of the power outages," says 12-year-old Ulyana. "That there'll be no nation left."

Sitting next to her parents in their dark flat, she is under no illusions why they've spent weeks with limited power.

Moscow is trying to pressurise places it can't reach by destroying their energy facilities.

As a result an estimated 4.5 million Ukrainians - including families like Ulyana's - have experienced blackouts. Some are planned, some are not, as energy suppliers try to both carry out repairs and conserve power.

In Kremenchuk, one of the worst affected areas, the mobile phone signal and internet are also limited, which means Ulyana cannot look up what she does not understand at school.

"Everyone understands it's not working," says her father Oleksandr. "The Russians can only make people angrier, and for them to want no Russian soldier to be left on the territory of Ukraine."

Alla agrees: "If we run away, who will be saving this country?"

The darkness that surrounds their home embodies Ukraine's struggle with the approaching winter.

Hanna Andriyenko brought back a new generator from Poland to help provide power for the childcare centre

In the daylight, it's playtime at Hanna Andriyenko's childcare centre. Some of the children look on with interest at their latest toy: a brand-new generator. There will be no touching this one, though.

The nursery has been left without power for large parts of the day after a missile strike nearby on 10 October. Blackouts often coincide with air raid alerts.

"It's very difficult to sit with children in the basement, even with flashlights," Hanna explains. "Children don't notice and don't understand. They get used to it."

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The way Hanna's class eagerly ride plastic motorcycles with careless abandon is living proof.

Many of the children in the nursery have learning difficulties and require constant care and supervision. Hanna admits providing it often in the dark and without electricity or water has been mentally difficult.

She's feeling the pressure Russia is trying to exert on Ukrainian communities, yet Hanna's desire for Ukraine to prevail has not waned.

"My family's property was taken away by the Soviet government," she says with a smile. "I consider Russia a successor of that system."

Alongside the evident bleakness, there's also a defiance in the air in Kremenchuk.

Under the illumination of phone flashlights, Yana Petrova leads her evening salsa class.

Their building has a power cut every two hours, but the show goes on.

Watching her group learn basic steps to Latin American music allows you briefly to forget the war that grips their country.

As well as living in the dark, some Ukrainians are choosing to dance in it.

"Of course, it's stressful for people, but we try to find a way out in a positive way," says Yana. "I'm not going to stop dancing, because it really saves us."

The feeling of defiance in Kremenchuk is replicated in cities visited by the BBC across Ukraine, where not one person has said they're willing to compromise for a quicker end to this war.

There's an almost unconditional faith that Ukraine will survive. It is a resolve they will have to keep drawing on in the coming months.