10 days in Iraq: Aid drops, air-strikes and 200,000 new refugees

  • Published

Fighters from the Islamic State (IS), formerly known as Isis, expanded their areas of control in northern Iraq between 2 and 14 August.

Image source, Reuters

The IS advance forced thousands from their homes in the north-west cities of Qaraqosh and Sinjar, seeking safety in nearby Kurdish provinces.

Saturday 2 August

Islamic State fighters take control of the town of Zumar, which Kurdish forces had held since the Iraqi army retreated from the area in June. Eyewitnesses said militants also seized control of two small oilfields near Zumar.

Image source, AP
Image caption,

People fleeing into Kurdish territoritories after IS attack the towns of Sinjar and Zunmar

Sunday 3 August

IS militants take over the town of Sinjar, home to a large community of the Kurdish Yazidi religious minority community.

The UN warns that up to 200,000 people have been forced to flee their homes in recent days.

At least 50,000 members of the Yazidi religious minority community are trapped on Mount Sinjar.

Media caption,

Tens of thousands of Iraqi Christians and Yazidis are understood to have fled their homes, as James Robbins reports

The militants also take control of Mosul's hydroelectric dam after the withdrawal of Kurdish forces.

The dam is of huge strategic significance in terms of water and power resources.

Image source, AFP
Image caption,

The dam is the largest in Iraq and provides much of Mosul's electricity

Wednesday 6 August

In Baghdad a series of car bombs strike crowded markets in Shia districts, killing at least 47 people.

The Iraqi Prime Minister, Nouri Maliki, comes under pressure to step down due to his handling of the crisis.

Image source, AP
Image caption,

Car bombs are detonated in several neighborhoods in Baghdad, Iraq

Iraqi and Kurdish forces attack Mosul, which IS has declared the capital of its Islamic caliphate.

At least 60 people are reported killed in an Iraqi air strike on a building in Mosul, while Kurdish forces shell the city's northern and eastern districts.

Media caption,

Mosul is a key trading hub close to the Syrian and Turkish borders

Thursday 7 August

Islamic State militants capture Qaraqosh, considered the centre of Iraq's Christian community.

As many as 100,000 people in the surrounding province of Nineveh are believed to be fleeing toward the autonomous Kurdistan Region.

US military aircraft drop food and water to Yazidis trapped on Mount Sinjar by IS fighters.

Image caption,

RAF Hercules aircraft prepares for an airdrop of humanitarian aid packages

Image source, EPA
Image caption,

US humanitarian airdrop over Mount Sinjar

Humanitarian aid flights

30,000

people trapped on Mount Sinjar surrounded by Islamic militants

  • 85,928 ready-to eat meals have been dropped by US flights along with

  • 20,151 gallons of fresh water

  • 528 shelter kits have been dropped by RAF along with water containers and

  • 1,056 solar lanterns which can be used to recharge mobile phones

MOD/CROWN COPYRIGHT

The United Nations Security Council meets in an emergency session to discuss the situation.

Pope Francis makes an impassioned appeal to the international community to do much more to address the crisis.

Friday 8 August

The US launches air strikes against IS militants - the first time the US has been directly involved in a military operation in Iraq since American troops withdrew in late 2011.

The Pentagon reports that drones and F/A-18 Hornets aircraft, operating from a carrier in the Gulf, dropped laser-guided bombs on mobile artillery near the city of Irbil.

Image source, Reuters
Image caption,

A F/A-18C Hornet aboard the aircraft carrier USS George HW Bush

Image source, AFP
Image caption,

Stills from a video of a US air-strikes in northern Iraq on 8 August 2014

Media caption,

The BBC's Rajini Vaidyanathan reports on air strikes and aid drops in Iraq

The United Nations says it is working on opening a humanitarian corridor in northern Iraq to allow stranded people to flee.

Saturday 9 August

The US make a third air-drop of food and water to refugees on Mount Sinjar, as Britain and France join the relief effort.

Media caption,

Unicef's Juliette Touma says people in the Sinjar mountains are in desperate need of food, water, shelter and protection

President Obama says the US would consider broader use of military strikes, but puts pressure on Iraq's political leaders to figure out how to work with each other.

There is no American military solution to the larger crisis in Iraq

President Obama on US involvement in Iraq
GETTY

Sunday 10 August

US launches a fourth round of air strikes and Kurdish forces claim to have regained control of Gwer and Makhmur after heavy fighting.

The political leader of Iraq's Kurds, Massoud Barzani, appeals for international military aid to help defeat Islamist militants.

Monday 11 August

IS fighters seize the town of Jalawla, north-east of Baghdad.

The US is reported to have begun supplying weapons to Kurdish fighters. This follows three plane-loads of ammunition already delivered by Iraqi security forces.

Image source, AFP
Image caption,

Kurdish fighters are receiving increased support from the US and the Iraqi government

Media caption,

The BBC's Caroline Wyatt has travelled west of Irbil to meet Kurdish forces battling the Islamic State

Iraq's president asks Haider al-Abadi to form a new cabinet. Mr Abadi's appointment comes after months of political infighting, which analysts say is partially to blame for Iraq's inability to effectively fight the IS threat.

Tuesday 12 August

A Kurdish government helicopter delivering aid crashes on Mount Sinjar, killing the pilot and injuring a journalist.

The US government says its planes have air-dropped nearly 100,000 meals and more than 27,000 gallons (123,000 litres) of fresh drinking water to the area, with the latest operation taking place on Tuesday.

However, tens of thousands of civilians remain trapped on the mountain and need "life-saving assistance", the UN warns.

Thursday 14 August

The US says it is unlikely to launch a mission to evacuate people trapped on Mount Sinjar, following an assessment that there are fewer people on the mountain than previously thought.

US officials suggested that air-strikes in the region had created an escape route for thousands, who had managed to leave the mountain over the past few nights, helped by Kurdish fighters.

Image source, Reuters
Image caption,

People from the minority Yazidi sect flee on foot from Sinjar mountain towards the Syrian border