Israel-Palestinian conflict: Eyes on peace options as Gaza truce holds

Beit Hanoun in Gaza. The UN has called for "immediate humanitarian assistance"

As Gaza and Israel emerge from 11 days of conflict, mediators are seeking to cement the truce and prevent more violence in the longer term.

An Egyptian team was in Israel on Saturday, while the US Secretary of State Antony Blinken could visit the region next week.

Both Israel and the Palestinian militant group Hamas have claimed victory in the latest conflict.

More than 250 people were killed, most of them in Gaza.

The fighting began on 10 May after weeks of spiralling Israeli-Palestinian tension in occupied East Jerusalem which culminated in clashes at a holy site revered by both Muslims and Jews. Hamas - the militant Islamist group which rules Gaza - began firing rockets after warning Israel to withdraw from the site, triggering retaliatory air strikes.

• The ceasefire deal between Israel and Hamas

Since the truce went into force on Friday, Israeli PM Benjamin Netanyahu has said the degrading of Hamas's military power by air bombardment was an "exceptional success".

He added: "If Hamas thinks we will tolerate a drizzle of rockets, it is wrong" and pledged a "new level of force" in response.

Meanwhile, Hamas has spoken of what it called the "euphoria of victory" and its leader Ismail Haniyeh said the conflict had "opened the door to new phases that will witness many victories".

Israelis handed out flowers in the southern city of Ashkelon on the first day of the ceasefire

'Life will return'

The truce held throughout its second day on Saturday. Its terms are unclear. Israel simply said it had agreed to a "mutual and unconditional" cessation of hostilities.

Egypt, Qatar, the US and UN appear to have been involved.

On Saturday, the UN Security Council issued its first statement on the conflict, praising the mediators and calling for a "full adherence to the ceasefire".

• In pictures: The destruction in Gaza and Israel

• The Israel-Palestinian conflict explained

• Life in the Gaza Strip

Teams of Egyptian mediators have been shuttling between Gaza, Israel and the West Bank.

An Egyptian diplomat said the teams were implementing agreed measures and trying to prevent practices that led to the latest fighting, but there was no detail.

Mr Blinken is expected to visit the region next week. The itinerary has not been released but a US source said he would travel to Israel and the West Bank on Wednesday and Thursday. He may visit Egypt and Jordan. The US will not hold direct talks with Hamas, which it regards as a terrorist organisation.

The BBC's Tom Bateman, who has been in Gaza, says that, although the calm has been welcomed there, most people know it probably just means a countdown to the next inevitable conflict.

Civilians on both sides have spoken of wanting to live without the fear of attack from the air.

But many are not confident. One shop owner in Gaza, Ashraf Abu Mohammad, told the Associated Press news agency: "Life will return, because this is not the first war, and it will not be the last war."

Ghazi Dahdouh can't go home any more because his house was blown up by a missile fired from an Israeli warplane. So he's living on top of it. It's a treacherous walk up rubble and jagged glass. But in the middle of a collapsed concrete roof you'll find Ghazi, 70, in a tent.

He says he'll stay put until his house is rebuilt. Under the canvas Ghazi tells me his son is a policeman paid half salary. Ghazi gave him and his grandsons two rooms in the house.

Israel said during the conflict it struck the homes of militants, arguing they were legitimate targets to prevent attacks. It also launched air strikes on police facilities in the Hamas-governed territory.

"I am an innocent civilian, I have nothing to do with politics," Ghazi tells me. "If I have a weapon now I will go and fight, because I am not guilty. I have nothing to do with what happened to me."

Ghazi can't understand why he and his extended family should be left homeless. He says: "If they are looking for [my son] because he's a policeman they should have told me not to let him live here, instead of knocking down the whole building."

Rights groups have previously accused Israel of failing to give clear evidence that destroying homes in this way amounts to a legitimate military target under international law.

The first convoys of humanitarian aid have arrived in Gaza. More lorries arrived at Israel's Kerem Shalom crossing on Saturday and a 130-vehicle convoy was scheduled to cross from Egypt.

But the World Health Organization has said Gaza's health facilities are in danger of being overwhelmed by thousands of injured people.

Lynn Hastings, the UN's humanitarian co-ordinator for the Palestinian territories, said from Gaza City she hoped that calm would remain.

But she had spoken to families and "they feel that they have no control of their lives".

Trucks loaded with humanitarian aid passed into Gaza through the Kerem Shalom crossing on Friday

For about 14 years, Gaza has been under a blockade on its borders with Israel and Egypt that restricts the passage of people and goods - one of the main issues for any future mediation.

Israel says it must limit Hamas's access to weapons, as the militants refuse to disarm. The UN says the blockade must end for Gaza's economy to improve.

Flashpoints in Jerusalem could also complicate the ceasefire. Hamas has told the BBC that part of the agreed truce involved Israel compromises over the al-Aqsa mosque compound and the district of Sheikh Jarrah, where there have been moves by Jewish settlers to evict Palestinian families.

Israel has denied this is the case and the issues remain. There were clashes in East Jerusalem on Friday after the truce started.

Fighters in Hamas's military wing marched in Gaza City on Saturday

Some of the chants of Palestinians there highlighted another major issue - the rivalry between Hamas and the Palestinian Authority, which is led by Mahmoud Abbas and runs parts of the West Bank.

Crowds chanted "the people want the president to leave". Mr Abbas will try to shore up his position when he meets Mr Blinken.

Some international leaders, including US President Joe Biden, have again referred to the long-term, two-state solution for the Middle East - a Palestinian state alongside Israel - but maintaining the current calm is the main focus at the moment.