BBC Homepage
  • Skip to content
  • Accessibility Help
  • Your account
  • Notifications
  • Home
  • News
  • Sport
  • Weather
  • iPlayer
  • Sounds
  • Bitesize
  • CBBC
  • CBeebies
  • Food
  • More menu
More menu
Search BBC
  • Home
  • News
  • Sport
  • Weather
  • iPlayer
  • Sounds
  • Bitesize
  • CBBC
  • CBeebies
  • Food
Close menu
BBC News
Menu
  • Home
  • InDepth
  • Israel-Gaza war
  • War in Ukraine
  • Climate
  • UK
  • World
  • Business
  • Politics
  • Culture
More
  • Tech
  • Science
  • Health
  • Family & Education
  • In Pictures
  • Newsbeat
  • BBC Verify
  • Disability
  • BBC Trending

Buying and selling maids online

  • Published
    3 September 2017
Share page
About sharing
Stock image of a maid holding towelsImage source, Getty Images
BBC Trending
What's popular and why

Migrant labour in Gulf countries has long been a subject of controversy, and the system that regulates it has now spawned a black market for domestic servants who are bought and sold online.

BBC Trending has discovered that dozens of private Facebook groups are being used to circumvent local laws and regulations. Messages like these appeared recently on a Facebook group that matches maids to potential employers:

"Am looking for a maid who is on visit/tourist visa to work as a live in maid."

"Urgently need a maid even for monthly basis 1 month or 2, 3 months till I travel in December"

"Looking for live in maid Indian/Philippino to take care of 2 month old baby"

Although group moderators warn participants against breaking the law, the messages are a window into a black market that's developing online and which has resulted in investigations and prosecutions in Saudi Arabia.

BBC Trending on Facebook, external

In Saudi Arabia, as in many Gulf countries, workers from Asian and African countries can obtain visas under sponsorship system known as "kafala". The system ties immigrants, who often work as live-in maids, to their employers for the duration of their stay.

Most of the working arrangements are done through official recruitment agencies, but the black market that has developed on social media has allowed some employees and workers to circumvent the system.

"The main reason social media recruitment is attractive to employers is going through a recruitment agency can be very expensive," says Vani Saraswathi of Migrant Rights, an advocacy group based in the region. "For a contract period, you have to pay anything from $2,500 to $5,000 (£2,000 to £4,000)... if you go through social media, you don't have to pay any of this."

line

You might also be interested in:

  • Qatar ends 'kafala' labour system

  • Indian worker’s tearful plea to leave Saudi Arabia

  • Migrant workers rounded up in Saudi

line

Employees can potentially benefit as well - one Saudi activist and campaigner told BBC Trending that maids can potentially double their salaries if they find employers illegally online. Black market employers, freed from those expensive agency fees, can afford to offer their workers a higher rate of pay.

"Unfortunately social media made it really harder for working families to obtain help lawfully," says Nawal Al Hausawi. She says that she has previously hired maids through legal channels. "Once [a worker] enters the country legally that she will make twice as much if she breaks the contract and uses social media to find another family."

There are dozens of Facebook groups online with thousands of members putting women looking for work as maids in touch with potential employers in the Gulf - although not all of them are facilitating illegal employment. And the kafala system itself has come under intense criticism for tying workers to abusive employers and other scandals. Human rights groups say the system gives workers very little protection against mistreatment.

Gulf countries have been promising to bring in labour reforms. Last month, Qatar adopted a new law giving workers new rights including at least one day off a week and paid annual leave. Activists say the bigger challenge is implementing these new guidelines, getting rid of loopholes and adding more provisions so that new laws meet international standards.

One maid told Trending that domestic workers will often run away, and look for illegal employment, because of delayed pay, physical and emotional abuse and poor working conditions, and that maids were well aware of the market being facilitated by social media.

"Now, when you go tell somebody 'I'm looking for work', legally or illegally, the person will post your number on these [Facebook] pages," said the woman, who asked to remain anonymous so as not to jeopardise her work status. "That's how you can get work through social media… But that's illegal."

Khaled Aba Alkhail, a spokesman for the Ministry of Labour Affairs in Saudi Arabia says that the country is aware of the problem and will prosecute anyone who in effect runs illegal recruitment agencies using social media platforms. He says that in the last few months, the labour ministry investigated 90 adverts on social media and that a number of individuals involved have been prosecuted.

Reporting by Abdirahim Saeed

You can follow BBC Trending on Twitter @BBCtrending, and find us on Facebook, external.

Top stories

  • Trump hits India with extra 25% tariff for buying Russian oil

    • Published
      4 minutes ago
  • Live. 

    Birmingham Airport shuts runway after person injured in emergency landing

    • 11735 viewing12k viewing
  • Reeves must raise tax to cover £41bn gap, says think tank

    • Published
      4 hours ago

More to explore

  • Oceangate's Titan whistleblower: 'People were sold a lie'

    David Lochridge in a submersible looking out at an underwater reef
  • Debt, delays & desperation - how Sheff Wed crisis impacts fans

    • Attribution
      Sport
    Sheffield Wednesday fan Gaz Robinson talks to the BBC
  • Carol Kirkwood: Why weather forecasters (like me) often appear to get it wrong

    Carol Kirkwood presents the weather forecast
  • Hiroshima: Ceremony marks 80th anniversary of atomic bombing

    Attendees offer flowers during the Peace Memorial Ceremony on the 80th anniversary of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima
  • Violent Channel smuggling gang's French and UK network exposed by undercover BBC investigation

    A composite image of two men involved in the people-smuggling gang. On the left is a colourful picture of Abdullah in France, holding a phone to his ear and wearing a body warmer and baseball cap. On the right is a young man wearing a green sweatshirt, filmed on a UK train station concourse.
  • Russian attacks on Ukraine double since Trump inauguration

    Donald Trump imposed over the BBC Verify colours and branding. Beside him is a cut out of a strike on the Ukrainian capital Kyiv.
  • Propaganda or fair warning? Taiwanese TV show imagines Chinese invasion

    A Taiwanese woman with long black hair and dressed in a grey coat screams in shock as a bomb explodes in the building behind her. In the background you can see a large cloud of smoke billowing out of the building as people run and duck for cover.
  • Why is it so hard to break into the NFL?

    • Attribution
      Sport
    Louis Rees-Zammit on the sideline during the Jacksonville Jaguars' game against the New England Patriots at in October 2024
  • Future Earth newsletter: Get exclusive insight on the latest climate news from Justin Rowlatt

    Future Earth promo
loading elsewhere stories

Most read

  1. 1

    Trump hits India with extra 25% tariff for buying Russian oil

  2. 2

    Horizon victim sues Post Office and Fujitsu for £4m

  3. 3

    One dead and thousands evacuated as wildfire spreads in France

  4. 4

    MasterChef returns with sacked hosts but without their jokes

  5. 5

    Reeves must raise tax to cover £41bn gap, says think tank

  6. 6

    Could RFK Jr's move to pull mRNA vaccine funding be a huge miscalculation?

  7. 7

    Fugitive jailed for murder of mother walking dog

  8. 8

    Guests rejected by Airbnb host because they're from Wales

  9. 9

    Kremlin says US-Russia talks were 'constructive' as ceasefire deadline looms

  10. 10

    Zara ads banned for 'unhealthily thin' models

BBC News Services

  • On your mobile
  • On smart speakers
  • Get news alerts
  • Contact BBC News

Destination X

  • Your latest reality TV obsession has landed on iPlayer

    • Attribution
      iPlayer
    Destination X
  • Rob Brydon welcomes you to Destination X

    • Attribution
      iPlayer
    Destination X
  • Get on board and play along at home

    • Attribution
      Game
    Destination X Game
  • Where the X are they off to next?

    • Attribution
      iPlayer
    Destination X
  • Home
  • News
  • Sport
  • Weather
  • iPlayer
  • Sounds
  • Bitesize
  • CBBC
  • CBeebies
  • Food
  • Terms of Use
  • About the BBC
  • Privacy Policy
  • Cookies
  • Accessibility Help
  • Parental Guidance
  • Contact the BBC
  • Make an editorial complaint
  • BBC emails for you

Copyright © 2025 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking.