Summary

  • Cambodia and Thailand have agreed to an "immediate and unconditional ceasefire" following peace talks

  • Malaysia's leader Anwar Ibrahim said the ceasefire would take effect from midnight local time, adding: "This is a vital first step to a de-escalation and a restoration of peace and security".

  • At least 33 people have been killed and thousands displaced since 24 July when fighting escalated following months of tensions

  • The talks were held after US President Donald Trump asked both nations to agree to a ceasefire as a pre-condition to their respective trade talks with Washington

  • The dispute between the two South East Asian nations dates back to over a century, when their borders were drawn following the French occupation of Cambodia

Media caption,

Watch: Cambodians flee to refugee camps as border clash continues

  1. We are pausing our live coveragepublished at 12:27 British Summer Time 28 July

    Thailand and Cambodia have agreed to an "unconditional ceasefire" at the end of peace talks in Malaysia today.

    The South East Asian neighbours are ending hostilities following pressure from US President Donald Trump, who refused negotiate a trade deal with them unless fighting stopped.

    Here are the main developments of the day as we wind down our live coverage

    • The "immediate and unconditional" ceasefire takes effect at midnight tonight
    • Cambodian PM Hun Manet said it is now "time to start rebuilding trust and confidence"
    • Acting Thai PM Phumtham Wechayachai said his country is committed to peace and negotiated "in good faith"
    • Malaysian PM Anwar Ibrahim hosted the peace talks in Putrajaya, in his capacity as chairman of the regional bloc Asean
    • But even with a ceasefire, fighting will be difficult to stop without a verified withdrawal of troops by both sides, which would take many days to carry out, writes our South East Asia correspondent Jonathan Head
    • The fighting over a disputed border escalated dramatically last week, and since then, has killed at least 33 people and displaced tens of thousands

    You can read our latest news story here.

  2. What exactly did Trump tell Cambodia and Thailand?published at 12:11 British Summer Time 28 July

    US President Donald TrumpImage source, Getty Images

    Thailand and Cambodia agreed to a ceasefire after Donald Trump threatened not to make a trade deal with them until the fighting stopped.

    Trade talks are a no-go "until such time as the fighting STOPS", he wrote on Truth Social on Saturday.

    Then on Sunday, he again took to social media, saying: "I called the prime ministers of each and said, 'we're not going to make a trade deal unless you settle a war'. A lot people killed."

    "I think by the time I got off, I think they wanted to settle."

  3. Analysis

    A kick from Trump and a win for Malaysiapublished at 11:55 British Summer Time 28 July

    Jonathan Head
    BBC South East Asia Correspondent

    President Trump may have delivered the kick, with his trade talks threat, that enabled this ceasefire, but it is Malaysia which is getting the credit.

    Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, flanked by his Thai and Cambodian counterparts, announced an agreed end to hostilities between the two countries at midnight, and said Malaysia and other members of the Association of South East Asian Nations were on hand to help monitor the ceasefire.

    Tellingly both the US and China had observers at the talks.

    Cambodia’s prime minister Hun Manet described it as a very good meeting that he hoped would immediately stop the fighting; Cambodia has been pushing for a ceasefire since Friday, as its outgunned forces have been driven back by the Thai military.

    The acting Thai prime minister Phumtham Wechayachai seemed less thrilled by the outcome, but promised to honour the ceasefire.

    Shells and rockets continued to land in both countries even as the peace talks were underway; it will take a lot longer to cool the emotions on both sides of the border stirred up by the destruction and loss of life over the past five days.

  4. Here's more on what the two countries agreed topublished at 11:37 British Summer Time 28 July

    As part of the ceasefire agreement, Thailand and Cambodia will also resume direct communications between their prime ministers, foreign minister and defence ministers.

    The defence and foreign ministers of Malaysia, Cambodia and Thailand have also been asked to set up a "detailed mechanism" for the "implementation, verification and reporting of the ceasefire", according to a press release published after this afternoon's talks.

    It is unclear from the statement what form this "mechanism" will take.

  5. What exactly did Thailand and Cambodia agree to?published at 11:29 British Summer Time 28 July

    Here's a recap of what Thailand and Cambodia agreed on:

    • An "unconditional ceasefire" from midnight Malaysia time (16:00 GMT)
    • Military commanders from both countries will hold an "informal meeting" at 07:00 on Tuesday
    • This will be followed by a meeting of defence attaches, led by the chairman of Asean, on 4 August
  6. Thai and Cambodian leaders thank Trump and Chinapublished at 11:22 British Summer Time 28 July

    Notably, Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Manet and Thailand's acting leader Phumtham Wechayachai both thanked US President Donald Trump and the Chinese government in their brief comments during the press conference.

    As we've been reporting, this afternoon's talks were held after Trump told the South East Asian neighbours to agree to a ceasefire as a pre-condition to their respective trade talks with Washington. This forced Thailand's hand - Bangkok was earlier opposed to any third-party mediation, insisting that the conflict can be resolved only through bilateral negotiations.

    Malaysia's Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim put forward his offer to mediate late on Thursday, which Thailand took up only after Trump's threat.

    China, which has strategic ties with both Thailand and Cambodia, also sent representatives to help broker peace.

  7. Press conference ends with gesture of unitypublished at 11:07 British Summer Time 28 July

    In true Asean fashion, the leaders held hands in unity at the end of the press conference.

    Cambodian PM Hun Manet, Malaysian PM Anwar Ibrahim and acting Thai PM Phumtham WechayachaiImage source, Getty Images
  8. Press conference endspublished at 11:04 British Summer Time 28 July

    The press conference has just wrapped up. The leaders all shook hands for the cameras, but did not take any questions from the floor and were promptly escorted out of the room.

  9. Acting Thai PM says ceasefire struck 'in good faith'published at 11:02 British Summer Time 28 July

    Acting Thai PM Phumtham Wechayachai spoke briefly after his Cambodian counterpart.

    He said the ceasefire was negotiated by his country "in good faith" and that Thailand is committed to peace.

  10. 'Time to start rebuilding trust and confidence' - Hun Manetpublished at 11:00 British Summer Time 28 July

    Hun Manet says he is confident that results from the talks will "provide a lot of opportunities for hundreds of thousands of people on both sides to return to normalcy".

    He adds that it's a time to "start rebuilding trust and confidence going forward between Cambodia and Thailand".

  11. Thai and Cambodian military commanders to meetpublished at 10:59 British Summer Time 28 July

    The morning after the ceasefire takes effect, military commanders will hold an "informal meeting" at 07:00 Tuesday, Anwar also said.

    It will be followed by a meeting of defence attaches led by the chairman of Asean on 4 August.

  12. 'A very good meeting' - Hun Manetpublished at 10:57 British Summer Time 28 July

    Hun Manet has called the talks "a very good meeting" and said he hopes to stop the fighting "immediately".

    There have been 300,000 people displaced on both sides of the conflict, he notes.

    The Cambodian leader thanked Anwar, US President Donald Trump and the Chinese government for their involvement in the mediation.

    He also thanked his Thai counterpart Phumtham Wechayachai for his "constructive" engagement in the talks.

  13. Hun Manet addresses the mediapublished at 10:56 British Summer Time 28 July

    Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Manet is now addressing reporters.

  14. 'Immediate and unconditional ceasefire' from midnightpublished at 10:55 British Summer Time 28 July

    Thailand and Cambodia will have an "immediate and unconditional ceasefire" with effect from midnight local time, Anwar says.

    "This is a vital first step to a de-escalation and a restoration of peace and security," he says.

  15. Ceasefire reached - Anwarpublished at 10:52 British Summer Time 28 July
    Breaking

    Cambodia's PM Hun Manet and Thai acting leader Phumtham Wechayachai have "expressed their positions and willingness to immediate ceasefire", Anwar says.

  16. Anwar has started speakingpublished at 10:50 British Summer Time 28 July

    Malaysia's leader Anwar Ibrahim has started speaking. For a start he has expressed his "deep appreciation and gratitude" to the leaders of Thailand and Cambodia.

  17. Why are Thailand and Cambodia fighting?published at 10:32 British Summer Time 28 July

    Cambodian soldiers stand on a military truck with an anti-aircraft gun in Oddar Meanchey provinceImage source, Getty Images

    Tensions between Thailand and Cambodia have been simmering for a while but last Thursday, they exploded into a deadly battle at the border.

    Each side is blaming each other for causing the escalation. Thailand has accused Cambodia of then firing rockets, while Bangkok carried out air strikes on Cambodian military targets.

    In fact, the dispute between Thailand and Cambodia dates back more than a century, when the borders of the two nations were drawn after the French occupation of Cambodia.

    Things officially became hostile in 2008, when Cambodia tried to register an 11th Century temple located in a contested area as a Unesco World Heritage Site - a move that was met with heated protest from Thailand.

    Over the years there have been sporadic clashes that have seen soldiers and civilians killed on both sides.

    The latest tensions ramped up in May after a Cambodian soldier was killed in a clash. This plunged bilateral ties to their lowest point in more than a decade.

    Read more here on the Thai-Cambodian border dispute.

  18. Post-talks press conference set to beginpublished at 10:22 British Summer Time 28 July

    Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim is due to hold a press conference after hosting Cambodian and Thai leaders for ceasefire talks.

    Stay with us as we bring you the latest.

  19. 'I want to see the war stop this evening'published at 10:05 British Summer Time 28 July

    May Titthara
    Reporting from Phnom Penh

    Lach Rim is hunkering down in Samraong with her elderly fatherImage source, Supplied
    Image caption,

    Lach Rim is hunkering down in Samraong with her elderly father

    Lach Rim, a Cambodian woman, managed to evacuate to the border town Samraong with her elderly father after clashes broke out on Thursday.

    But the 75-year-old still does not feel safe, adding that she's heard Thai drones fly over the tents they are now hunkering down in.

    In her rush to evacuate, Lach Rim had only brought some food with her, but left her father's medication back at home.

    "I want to see the war cease soon; if possible, I want to see the war stop this evening," she said.

  20. Analysis

    It will be difficult to stop the fighting even if a ceasefire is agreedpublished at 09:43 British Summer Time 28 July

    Jonathan Head
    BBC South East Asia Correspondent

    These are the first talks between Thai and Cambodian leaders since the fighting escalated dramatically last week.

    Malaysia, which currently chairs the Association of South East Asian Nations (Asean), offered to mediate last Friday; Thailand politely refused, sticking to its position that the conflict can be resolved only through bilateral negotiations.

    However, President Trump’s threat to halt tariff talks has forced Thailand’s hand. It needs a deal to reduce the 36% tariff rate it is now facing. The Thai economy depends on exports to the US.

    But while Cambodia is willing to accept the US president’s demand for an immediate ceasefire, Thailand has said only that it will consider one if Cambodia shows what it calls sincere intentions. Heavy exchanges of artillery fire have continued overnight; more Thai villages have been hit by Cambodian rockets.

    Without a verified withdrawal of troops by both sides, which, even if agreed would take many days to carry out, it will be difficult to stop the fighting even if both countries accept a ceasefire.