The penultimate FMQs before the summer recess has drawn to a close. If you're just joining us, here are the key lines that were raised:

• Scottish Tory leader Russell Findlay questioned new guidance issued to schools on how to tackle disruptive behaviour.
• Findlay argued that a "tougher approach" was needed to protect teachers and other pupils.

• The FM defended the guidance saying it would ensure positive outcomes for more young people.
• Scottish Labour leader Anas Sarwar raised the issue of job losses at the Alexander Dennis bus company, saying it showed the "SNP is out of ideas".
• Swinney replied that Scottish funding had secured the company orders for more than 360 vehicles since 2020.
• In his last question as Scottish Greens co-leader, Patrick Harvie questioned Swinney's record on tackling the far right and abandoning green policies.
• The SNP’s Audrey Nicoll asked about the Acorn Project after UK government funding was announced.
• Labour’s Pam Duncan-Glancy asked Swinney about funding for higher education institutions, arguing that disadvantaged pupils were “being left behind”.

That's all from the live page team today. The editor was Catherine Lyst and the writers were Megan Bonar and Paul Hastie.

Image source, Getty Images

Scotland's universities are hitting a crunch point with their finances, forcing job losses on a scale we used to see from major factory closures and raising questions about whether they can all survive.

Dundee University is cutting 632 full-time jobs and The University of Edinburgh is looking to make £140m of cuts over the next 18 months

Aberdeen University has also cut staff through voluntary redundancy programmes, while the city's Robert Gordon University has put 135 roles "at risk".

It has been suggested that more than 80 universities across the UK face deficits of between £10m and £50m.

More analysis on the issue by Douglas Fraser, business correspondent here.

Labour’s Pam Duncan-Glancy asks Swinney about funding for higher education institutions.

She says a report from the Royal Society of Edinburgh shows a growing gap in university attendance from young people in the wealthiest and most deprived areas.

The Glasgow MSP says disadvantaged pupils are “being left behind”.

But Swinney says his government has taken a number of steps to widen access to young people from all backgrounds and this is “at the heart” of his government’s commitment.

The FM also says he is committed to the importance of free tuition for Scottish students.

Up to 100 truckloads of Scotland's waste will be moved each day to England once a landfill ban comes in at the end of the year, a BBC's Disclosure documentary was told.

The Scottish government is banning "black bag" waste from being buried in landfill from 31 December but acknowledges that there are not currently enough incinerators to meet the extra demand.

The ban, which covers biodegradable municipal waste (BMW), will apply to pretty much all domestic and commercial waste.

Scottish ministers said any export of waste should only be viewed as a "short-term solution".

Read more

Scottish Conservative MSP Maurice Golden asks what the government’s response is to reports that Scottish waste is being sent to English landfill sites, as a result of the landfill ban.

Golden says the landfill ban has been in the making for 14 years, recycling targets haver been missed and next year £75m in landfill tax will be lost in Scotland.

Swinney says he doesn’t think it is “acceptable”, adding that the government is working with the waste sector and exploring several options to ensure any environmental impacts are reduced.

Image source, North Sea Midstream Partners

UK Energy Secretary Ed Miliband has confirmed that £200m will be provided to progress the Acorn Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) scheme in Aberdeenshire.

The Acorn Project based in St Fergus will take greenhouse gas emissions and store them under the North Sea, in a process known as carbon capture and storage (CCS).

There had been growing calls from business leaders for investment in the project which has been on a reserve list for funding.

Environmental group Friends of the Earth, which is sceptical about carbon capture, said the "scarce public money" would only directly benefit "greedy oil and gas companies".

Read more

The SNP’s Audrey Nicoll, MSP for Aberdeen South, asks the first minister about the Acorn Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) scheme.

UK Energy Secretary Ed Miliband has confirmed that £200m will be provided to the project in Aberdeenshire.

Swinney says he is working with the UK government to bring “pace and momentum” to the scheme and he firmly supports the development.

Nicoll says after years of delays, the UK has failed to commit to a timetable after 20 years to “hammer out the detail” and the FM says there must be urgent progress.

Harvie's final outing turned into a revenge tourpublished at 12:37 British Summer Time 19 June

12:37 BST 19 June

Philip Sim
BBC Scotland political correspondent

Patrick Harvie’s final FMQs outing as Scottish Green leader turned out to be a bit of a revenge tour.

It underlined the extent to which the policies championed by the Greens in Nicola Sturgeon’s partnership government have been shredded by the Yousaf and Swinney administrations.

Mr Harvie may have taken it somewhat personally that the rent controls and moves to decarbonise home heating which he designed were ditched not long after he was kicked out of office.

And the barb about how “steady as she goes is a course to disaster” felt like quite a personal judgement on Mr Swinney’s leadership style.

Mr Swinney said he “couldn’t disagree more” with Mr Harvie’s assessment - but it does show that regardless of the budget deal they did earlier this year, his efforts to repair relations with the Greens have some way to go yet.

“It sounds as though the government's agenda after the summit is exactly the same as it was before the summit,” replies Harvie.

He argues that the FM has “walked away” from progressive green policies, adding that he can’t “think of a single signature policy” adopted by Swinney since he became leader.

“In the face of the threat from the far right a 'steady as she goes' approach is a course to disaster,” he says.

Swinney responds by saying he “couldn’t disagree more” with Harvie, suggesting his speech was his "last hurrah".

He says his central policy is the eradication of child poverty, and Scotland is seeing a fall in this number.

For his final question as a Scottish Greens co-leader, Patrick Harvie asks what the Scottish government has “done differently” since a summit was held aimed at tackling the far right.

Harvie says during the summit there was agreement that governments need to restore public services, give local communities more power and tackle extreme wealth

He says he has seen no “meaningful change” since the meeting.

Swinney says the government has taken forward its agenda to eradicate child poverty and has continued to work on immigration policies, a measure he says will help stop the rise of the far right.

Decent rhetorical flourish from Sarwarpublished at 12:30 British Summer Time 19 June

12:30 BST 19 June

Philip Sim
BBC Scotland political correspondent

The exchange between Anas Sarwar and John Swinney was a fairly pedestrian one to start with.

They talked past each other by citing contrasting figures which suited their own arguments.

But it was when Mr Sarwar tried to turn the issue of Alexander Dennis back to his weekly campaign point, that the SNP is “out of ideas and out of time” and needs to be replaced in office.

He made a decent rhetorical flourish out of it, which will no doubt feature on his social media channels any minute now.

But it opened the door for John Swinney to broaden his efforts out too, and the first minister absolutely unloaded on the Labour leader.

It got pretty personal too - describing him as a “weak man” who is “toadying in behind the UK government”.

It underlines again that two weeks on from the Hamilton by-election and 11 months ahead of a Holyrood election, these two leaders are going to pull absolutely no punches in their contest.

Sarwar quickly turns to the state of the NHS and education in Scotland - and attacks the FM over several other issues. He says the SNP government is “incompetent and tired”.

But Swinney hits back, saying it is “interesting” that Sarwar’s attention has moved on so quickly from the workers at Alexander Dennis to “his usual posturing”.

He says this is the “performance of a weak man” to cheers from the SNP benches.

He adds that Sarwar is linked to a UK Labour government that will put children into poverty.

Swinney says Alexander Dennis has been “appreciative of their engagement” with the Scottish government and its support.

He says it has given £58m of funding for zero emission buses in Scotland and reiterates that it has allocated 360 orders to the firm since 2020.

But Anas Sarwar says the workers “do not need engagement from the Scottish government, they need contracts and jobs”.

He says the reality is there have been no buses ordered in the last year and says the SNP government is “out of ideas and out of time”.

Classic small-c conservatismpublished at 12:24 British Summer Time 19 June

12:24 BST 19 June

Philip Sim
BBC Scotland political correspondent

There’s a meme you see cropping up on social media fairly often nowadays which decries whatever it is attached to as “absolute woke nonsense”.

He doesn’t use that precise phrase, but it pretty much sums up Russell Findlay’s questions most week.

Today it was about the “tedious handwringing” guidance issued to schools around tackling violence, which suggests giving disruptive pupils a laminated sheet of bullet points encouraging them to think about their behaviour.

Mr Findlay’s approach is “common sense for a change”, but it is classic small-c conservatism; not quite bringing back the belt, but urging for greater use of exclusions.

John Swinney insists the Tory leader is mischaracterising the guidance.

But moreover he says he’s spotted an “inherent contradiction” in Mr Findlay’s reasoning - given the Tories have recently decried antisocial behaviour by young people outside schools, why would it help to kick more pupils out of the classrooms and onto the streets?

He says the Tory approach is “simplistic nonsense” - which again pretty much sums up his response to Mr Findlay most weeks.

Scottish labour leader Anas Sarwar asks the first minister about the situation around Alexander Dennis.

Up to 400 jobs are at risk as the bus manufacturer announced plans to move operations to England from its factories in Falkirk and Larbert.

Sarwar says Swinney received a letter a year ago saying a move to buy buses from China would put Scottish jobs at risk - and asks the FM how many buses his government has ordered from Scotland.

Swinney says Alexander Dennis has secured orders for more than 360 vehicles since 2020 though Scottish funding and another 160 from Manchester.

The first minister adds that he hopes that “indicates that the Scottish government has been supporting Alexander Dennis”.

Swinney defends the de-escalate and resolve nature of the guidance, adding that it allows all pupils to continue participating in education.

“If young people are unable to participate in education, they are unlikely to go on to good outcomes in our society and we will simply repeat the difficulties we have seen in recent years,” he adds.

He adds that the government is also putting in place measures to address the underlying causes of disruptive behaviour.

Findlay responds by saying a “stricter approach” is necessary to protect teachers and other pupils.

Swinney says disruptive behaviour in schools is the product of a minority of pupils and the guidance focuses on this behaviour being dealt with, while allowing other pupils to “prosper”.

Findlay says the first minister has ignored the advice of teachers.

He highlights some points from the guidance which suggests disruptive pupils be allowed to leave class early and “unsafe” behaviour should be tackled with a conversation.

Swinney says Findlay’s points do not represent the guidance fairly. He says the guidance ensures that problems are “de-escalated and resolved”.

Lucy Adams
Education correspondent, BBC Scotland

The best time to teach a child not to throw a chair in a classroom is not as it is being projected across the room.

That's what an educational psychologist told me last week as we discussed how teachers should respond to disruptive behaviour in schools.

Most people in education agree building positive relationships is the key to preventing violence in schools but teachers say they also need to be able to use "consequences" as well.

In the past few months I've spoken to dozens of teachers who say the balance between "nurture" and consequences has been lost.

And no-one wants to have a chair thrown at them.

In response to concerns from teachers, the Scottish government has now published guidance for schools, external, external on how to deal with violent and aggressive behaviour from pupils.

However, the Conservatives dismissed it as "waffle", saying it gives no clear instructions on when and how to exclude violent or disruptive pupils.

Read more on this story.

The questions comes after the Scottish government published new guidance for schools, external earlier this week on how to deal with violent and aggressive behaviour from pupils.

Russell calls the new guidance “tedious” and “complicated”, and asks they first minister why he is repeating the same mistakes he made as education minister.

“This naïve and weak approach, fails absolutely everyone,” says Findlay.

Swinney says it is always his priority to listen to teachers and the guidance has been produced following advice from people in the education profession.

Scottish Conservative leader Russell Findlay is up first.

He asks the first minister how the government is tackling violent and disruptive behaviour in schools.