We're ending our live coverage of the COP27 climate summit for today.

Read our story of the day here, find out if the UK is on track to meet its climate targets here, and with money high on the agenda at the summit, check out our analysis on whether richer countries will pay up here.

And if you're wondering what you can do to reduce your own impact, find out here.

Updates were written by Alys Davies, Adam Durbin, Malu Cursino, Sam Hancock, James Harness, Aoife Walsh, and Imogen James.

It was edited by Jeremy Gahagan, Alexandra Fouche, Andrew Humphrey, Heather Sharp and Dulcie Lee.

Image source, EPA

After a busy day in Sharm el-Sheikh, with more speeches than you can shake a stick at, let's have a look at the key developments so far:

• UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak said government spending to combat climate change is the right thing to do, from an environmental, moral and economic perspective
• France's president, Emmanuel Macron, said the world must not lose focus on climate change or sacrifice emission reduction commitments because of Russia's invasion of Ukraine. He called for moves to "change the rules" of international financial institutions - such as the IMF and World Bank - to provide more money for national vulnerable to climate change
• UN Secretary General António Guterres warned that the world is "on a highway to climate hell" because of increasing greenhouse gas emissions and rising global temperatures

• Kenyan President William Ruto said "loss and damage" due to climate change is the daily experience for millions in Africa, describing the summit as a "golden chance" to preserve the planet

• Barbados PM Mia Mottley spoke of "horror and the devastation" ranging from floods in Pakistan, to heatwaves in Europe and China, to impacts in her own region
• Activists and other climate-affected nations, such as the low-lying Seychelles islands, called for concrete action not just promises
• Meanwhile, away from the main stage, former UK PM Boris Johnson called on world leaders - including Sunak - to resist going "weak and wobbly" on net zero commitments

We'll be bringing our live coverage to a close shortly - thanks for joining us.

Image source, EPA

More leaders have addressed the COP27 summit in Egypt now.

German Chancellor Olaf Scholz said that Russia's war in Ukraine had shown that switching to renewable energy is "a security policy imperative" as well as a forward-looking climate, environment and economic policy.

"We will stop using fossil fuels, no ifs or buts! There must not be a global renaissance of fossil fuels," he said, though Germany has asked energy firms to delay the closure of coal plants as the Ukraine war disrupted energy supplies.

"Resolute deeds must follow our resolute promises towards climate protection," he said.

Meanwhile, Italy's new right-wing prime minister Giorgia Meloni said Italy remained "strongly committed" to pursuing its decarbonisation pathway in line with the Paris Agreement.

"We intend to pursue a just transition to support the affected communities and leave no one behind," she said.

Let's get some reaction now to Rishi Sunak's speech, in which he told fellow world leaders it was morally and economically right to invest in green infrastructure.

Labour's shadow climate secretary Ed Miliband is not impressed - describing Sunak as a "fossil fuel PM in a renewable age".

"This is the man who had to be dragged even to go to COP27," he says on Twitter, external, calling his speech "vacuous and empty".

"As Sunak preaches about clean energy abroad, he blocks onshore wind at home while giving massive tax breaks to the fossil fuel companies making billions in windfall profits at the expense of working people," Miliband says.

These sorts of grand international summits can understandably make some people feel powerless about climate change.

But while tackling climate change needs action on a global level, there are plenty of things us as individuals can do to cut back on damaging emissions:

• Insulate and draught-proof your home, install a heat pump, switch to a green energy provider or just turn down the heating a degree or two. Here are some tips on how to save energy at home and save the planet
• Reduce your food waste and cut down on red meat - livestock are responsible for 14% of all greenhouse gases globally
• Drive less, and fly less- transport is responsible for almost a quarter of carbon dioxide global emissions
• Think before you buy - whether choosing energy-efficient appliances or buying second-hand clothes

Image source, .

Read more: Four things you can do about your carbon footprint

Image source, .

So much discussion on climate change is focused on limiting warming to 1.5C above pre-industrial levels, rather than letting it rise to 2C.

That difference may seem small - but it'll have massive global consequences.

The world is already, on average, about 1.1C warmer than it was at the end of the 19th Century, with significant impacts all over the planet.

• If average global temperatures are kept below 1.5C above pre-industrial levels by 2100, ice sheets and glaciers will continue melting and sea levels will rise. Keeping the rise limited to that level would reduce levels of mass flooding and prevent millions of people from losing their homes to rising seas.
• It could also reduce the number of people struggling to access water by 50% as opposed to the situation with a 2C increase, according to Nasa.
• At 2C, life could become unbearable for many. All tropical coral reefs would be destroyed and flooding would worsen. Huge numbers of animals and plant species would lose their habitats and many more people would face extreme heat than with 1.5C
• Warming of 3C upwards would have truly disastrous implications for our planet, with hundreds of millions of people displaced from their homes due to sea level rises

Image source, Getty Images

The sister of jailed British-Egyptian activist Alaa Abdel Fattah has said she believes the Foreign Office "set up" the UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak to fail by not resolving her brother's case before the beginning of the COP27 summit.

Abdel Fattah, a key activist in the 2011 Arab Spring, is currently serving a five-year sentence for spreading false news.

He has consumed just 100 calories for more than 200 days to try to push Egypt to allow him UK consular access. And on Sunday, he stepped up his hunger strike to coincide with the beginning of the climate summit in Egypt by stopping drinking water, his sister Sanaa Seif said.

Speaking on Radio 4's World at One programme, Seif said: "I'm worried that maybe the Foreign Office set up the prime minister to fail a little bit.

"The Foreign Office should have been working around the clock trying to resolve this before COP," she said, adding that Sunak could resolve her brother's case "if it really is a priority".

Sunak raised the case with the Egypt's president in a meeting earlier today, according to No 10.

A Downing Street spokeswoman says Sunak told Abdul Fattah al-Sisi he "hoped to see this resolved as soon as possible and would continue to press for progress".

Meanwhile, the Foreign Office said they are "deeply concerned" about Alaa Abdel Fattah's continued detention.

Marco Silva
Climate disinformation reporter

Dozens of social media users have accused world leaders of “hypocrisy” over their decision to fly to the COP27 climate summit on private jets.

In tweets shared thousands of times, they accuse politicians of playing “by their own set of rules” by choosing to travel to Egypt on highly polluting planes.

But while there may be some truth in these accusations, they lack important context.

Flying produces greenhouse gases, which trap the heat from the sun and contribute to the warming of the planet.

Because of the small number of passengers they carry, private jets produce higher emissions per passenger than commercial flights.

It is not yet known how many private jets have flown to Sharm el-Sheikh, but their global impact is likely to be limited.

The Energy & Climate Intelligence Unit, a London-based think-tank, estimated that last year’s COP26 in Glasgow – as a whole – contributed 0.00022% to a year’s worth of greenhouse gas emissions.

It also said that, if delivered, the pledges made at COP26 could lead to emissions savings 72,200 times larger than emissions produced by hosting the summit.

Let's catch up with what BBC Radio 5 Live listeners think of COP27.

Jill in Cornwall says her "patience is running very thin" - she says it's "hypocritical" for world leaders to fly to the conference when "we're still in the same place we were two years ago".

Kevin in Abingdon thinks one of the problems with COP27 is the people attending are "middle-aged or very old", and "it's very little of their future they're going to be discussing". "Why not let teenagers or 20-somethings do COP28 and COP29?" he asks.

Mike in Manchester feels there is too much "lecturing, finger-wagging and chastising" around the topic of climate change. "Most people are doing their best in their own way," he says, "nobody wants to kill the planet, but conversely we've got to live our lives."

Image source, .

It is unequivocal that human influence has warmed the atmosphere, oceans and land, according to the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), a group of scientists whose findings are endorsed by the world's governments.

The report, which was published in August last year, was the first major review of the science of climate change since 2013.

According to Ed Hawkins, from the University of Reading, UK, and one of the report's authors, the scientists cannot be any clearer: "It is a statement of fact, we cannot be any more certain; it is unequivocal and indisputable that humans are warming the planet."

The authors say that since 1970, global surface temperatures have risen faster than in any other 50-year period over the past 2,000 years.

Justin Rowlatt
Climate editor at COP27

Last year's COP26 in Glasgow laid good foundations, calling forth ambition and promises of action.

But the disappointment here is those promises haven't been fulfilled.

The Egyptians say their agenda is implementation, it's getting countries to come good on the promises they've made.

Glasgow has yet to deliver and the question is can Egypt get countries to do just that?

There's some anxiety here that it can't be done.

But there are some really interesting discussions alongside the main speeches today about how it might happen.

There could be a restructuring of the architecture of international finance, for example.

Changes to the way institutions like the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Trade Organization (WTO) operate, which may encourage private capital to come into the battle on climate change

We may not see progress from governments, but it could come from the fringe of the conference. So there may yet be hope.

Image source, PA Media

We've just heard from UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak, who says he believes the world can "summon the collective will " to deliver on commitments made in Glasgow, a year ago.

But how is the UK doing on its own climate targets?

The government is committed, in law, to reduce emissions to net zero by 2050.

But the UK Committee on Climate Change (UKCCC), which advises the government, has criticised the UK’s progress.

• In 2021, Boris Johnson set a target for all of the UK's electricity to come from clean sources by 2035. Emissions from power generation fell 73.4% between 1990 and 2021, as coal-fired power stations were closed and solar, wind and nuclear boosted. But, UKCCC says a clear lack of strategy means the government risks not reaching its 2035 target
• The UK has some of the least energy-efficient homes in Europe, but the UKCCC says insulation installations are “too slow”
• The UK government wants 52% of car sales to be electric by 2028. In 2021, 11.6% of sales were electric, but according to UKCCC the market is “growing well”
• The UK is already a leader in offshore wind and it has made significant progress in scaling up its production. But better energy storage is needed for when the wind doesn’t blow, the UKCCC says
• The government has also been criticised for its plans to issue new licences for oil and gas exploration in the North Sea, despite the UN warning against new fossil fuel projects
• Johnson's government committed to installing 600,000 heat pumps a year by 2028 to replace gas boilers in homes. But in 2021 only 55,000 pumps were installed - a figure dwarfed by the 1.7m gas boilers which are sold in the UK each year

Read more from our Reality Check team here.

Image source, PA Media

Sunak pays tribute to Egypt's President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi, as well as the COP26 President Alok Sharma.

He goes onto say that by directing private and public finance towards the protection of our planet, the struggle against climate change can be translated into new jobs and clean growth.

"We can bequeath our children a greener planet and a more prosperous future," he adds.

"As we come together once again in common cause today, there really is room for hope, together let us fulfil it," he says, ending his speech.

Sunak says fighting climate change is both a moral and economic imperative, citing the Russian invasion of Ukraine as critical moment.

He says Russian President Vladimir Putin's war is not a reason to go slow with reducing emissions, but instead a reason to go faster.

Sunak says the UK is investing in new green infrastructure, including helping developing countries deliver a "fast track to clean growth".

He adds among these are £65m investment in a range of green investment projects.

We must honour our promises on climate finance, UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak continues.

He says the pandemic "all but broke" the global economy, but the UK is delivering on its commitment of £11.6bn in climate finance, saying he will triple funding on adaptation to £1.5bn by 2025.

"I profoundly believe that is the right thing to do," he says.

He says it's not just morally right, it's also economically right as climate security goes hand-in-hand with energy security.

Image source, Reuters

UK Prime Minister Rishi Sunak has taken to the stage to address the COP27 conference in Egypt, in his first international outing since becoming prime minister.

He starts by speaking about COP26, when the late Queen Elizabeth II addressed the conference, stating that "when nations come together in common cause, there is always room for hope."

"I believe we found room for hope in Glasgow with one last change to create a plan that would limit global temperatures to 1.5C," he says.

"The question today is this, can we summon the collective will to deliver them? I believe we can."

Victoria Gill
Science correspondent, BBC News

Image source, Dr Svitlana Krakovska

For a climate scientist who has travelled to the Antarctic for her research, going to a major Egyptian resort for the UN climate conference would seem a simple journey. But Svitlana Krakovska is travelling to COP27 from Kyiv. And no journey from Ukraine, amid the war, is straightforward.

“We’re on the train in Chelm, Poland. We were stopped at the Ukrainian border for three hours, then three hours at the Polish border,” the senior scientist told me via WhatsApp. “I can other see trains carrying gasoline and grain; I hope the fuel is going to and the grain coming from Ukraine.”

Krakovska started her journey at 10pm local time on Sunday - ahead of the 11pm curfew. “The train curtains were all closed, because there’s a ‘light masking’ rule in Kyiv,” she explained.

After her 20 hour train journey, she will travel to Vienna, then fly from there to Sharm el Sheikh, arriving Tuesday evening.

She says that at COP27, she’ll help draw attention to “the Ukrainian view of a greener future”, including how to rebuild “climate-resilient” cities after the destruction of war.

First, she just has to get to the conference.

Chris Mason
Political editor

The prime minister's gearing up for his final main appointment of this trip: his speech to this summit.

His mission today has been about restoring a sense that the UK is a reliable and predictable partner on the global stage, after the turbulence of much of this year.

To whom could he be possibly comparing himself to? Well - Liz Truss and Boris Johnson the clear implication.

Rishi Sunak's had the indignity of the prime minister before last loitering with intent at his international debut.

Boris Johnson even confirmed he was coming here before Sunak did.

But for all of Johnson's capacity to capture attention, he can't deliver a leader's speech any more.

That is now Sunak's job - and his moment has arrived.

Image source, Marian Kupu/Broadcom Broadcasting

King Tupou VI of Tonga is next up on the stage.

He talks of how his country wishes to prioritise policies that focus on both disaster risk management and tackling climate change, following the tsunami that hit the island nation in January this year.

He says Tonga faces two key challenges in the wake of the volcanic explosion which caused the tsunami. The first is access to clean, safe drinking water.

The second is providing affordable transportation that does not add to greenhouse gas emissions, he says.

"As a small island state, we cannot face the challenge alone," he adds.

He says he is "encouraged" by the agenda at COP27 and says the events of the summit will be "a testament to the genuine partnerships of all parties to achieving the goals of the Paris agreement".

Matt McGrath
Environment correspondent at COP27

This question is still in play.

As Europe and the UK faced a severe energy shortage when the war curtailed Russian fossil fuel supplies, there has been a mad rush for alternatives.

So despite strong commitments to curbing climate warming gases, Germany has turned back to coal while the UK has auctioned off new licenses for oil and gas drilling in the North Sea.

As I’ve been reporting in recent days, imports of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) have soared across the continent, despite the significant rise in CO2 that entails.

But this is only one part of the picture. In almost every country, Russia’s invasion has cemented the push for energy independence, and that in the main, means renewables.

Image source, PA Media

According to the International Energy Agency, the war has "turbo-charged" the transition away from fossil fuels. They argue that use of coal, oil and gas will peak within five years.

A key element is price – as countries turn to the older energy sources, the ballooning costs of gas and coal makes solar and wind seem really cheap by comparison.

Analysis suggests, external that recent high prices mean that it would be up to ten times more expensive to make electricity from gas compared to adding solar capacity.

So while fossil fuels may be having a moment in the Sun right now, it’s likely to be a last hurrah for these energy sources.