Summary

  • The Manchester Arena Inquiry has published a catalogue of failings and mistakes by the emergency services following the terror attack in 2017

  • It found police, fire and ambulance services failed to work together and communication between the three services was “non-existent”

  • The key police commander on the night was overwhelmed, and not enough paramedics were sent to help when the bomb exploded

  • The report says one victim - John Atkinson - could have survived had the emergency response not been inadequate

  • And it said it could not exclude the possibility that eight-year-old Saffie-Rose Roussos could have survived with better treatment

  • In response to the inquiry, Greater Manchester Police apologise and "fully accept findings" of the report

  • Meanwhile the fire service say their response was "wholly inadequate and totally ineffective"

  • The attack on the Ariana Grande concert was carried out by suicide bomber Salman Abedi

  • His brother, Hashem, has been jailed for at least 55 years for helping plan the attack

  1. We're closing our coverage soonpublished at 18:34 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    The victims of the 2017 Manchester Arena attack
    Image caption,

    The victims of the 2017 Manchester Arena attack

    We'll soon be closing our coverage on the Manchester Arena Inquiry's second report into the 2017 attack. If you're just catching up now, here's a recap of what we learned:

    • At least 20 of the 22 victims suffered unsurvivable injuries, the report found
    • One of the victims - John Atkinson - sustained injuries that were survivable, had the response been better
    • And the report said eight-year-old Saffie-Rose Roussos could also have lived, although it was "highy unlikely"
    • The emergency services' response fell "far below the standard it should have been"
    • The two most senior Greater Manchester Police commanders on the night “made no effective contribution to the emergency response”
    • Fire engines from Manchester Central Fire Station drove away from, not towards, the incident. They drove past ambulances travelling in the opposite direction
    • Too few paramedics were sent into the room where the bomb exploded, and the approach to risk in that area was "unduly cautious"
    • Some 149 recommendations were made in the report, including better first aid training for the emergency services
    • Prime Minister Rishi Sunak made a "solemn commitment" that lessons will be learned
    • The spokespeople for the emergency services each offered an apology for their failures
    • The head of the fire service said their reponse was "wholly inadequate and totally ineffective"

    Thank you for joining us. Today's coverage was brought to you by Owen Amos, Aoife Walsh, James Harness, Imogen James and Sam Hancock.

  2. What happened to John Atkinson?published at 18:08 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    As we've been reporting, one of the main findings of today's inquiry report was that John Atkinson, 28, could have survived the Manchester Arena attack - had the emergency services' response been better.

    • John attended the concert with the sister of his partner
    • At 10:31pm the bomb was detonated. Standing only six metres away, he was severely injured but managed to drag himself a short distance
    • Ron Blake, a member of the public, came to Mr Atkinson's assistance - Mr Atkinson's family today paid tribute to Mr Blake's "heroic" actions
    • Mr Atkinson was not triaged or treated by any ambulance staff during the 47 minutes he was in the foyer
    • He was removed from the room on a makeshift stretcher into a triage area in Victoria Station where he stayed for 24 minutes
    • He had been conscious and talking but went into cardiac arrest at 11.47pm and was taken by ambulance to Manchester Royal Infirmary at midnight
    • A full trauma team of clinicians were waiting when he arrived but Mr Atkinson was pronounced dead at 12.24am on 23 May
    • The post-mortem examination revealed the cause of death was from severe leg injuries, as well as abdominal injuries
    • The inquiry heard his injuries, though severe, may have been survivable if he had reached hospital before his heart stopped
    Media caption,

    Ronald Blake, who helped John Atkinson after the attack

  3. Watch: Burnham says 'no excuse' for services' attack responsepublished at 18:03 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Media caption,

    'No justification' for Manchester Arena Inquiry's findings, says mayor

  4. How the attack unfoldedpublished at 17:56 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Salman Abedi hid for one hour, before walking across the foyer as the concert ended to set off his bomb.

    Map of blast site
  5. Report shows catalogue of errors, victim's family saypublished at 17:53 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Here's more reaction from the victims' families.

    June Tron and Ken Mullen - mother and uncle of Philip Tron, who died while collecting his stepdaughter from the concert - say today's report was "what they expected".

    June tells me the document "will not change anything", while Ken says it's like hearing "a catalogue of errors with one thing going wrong after another".

    Ken also praised Sir John Saunders, the inquiry chair, saying he did an "excellent" job - with his report an "honest appraisal of what happened".

    June Tron and Ken Mullen, related to Philip Tron, who died while picking his stepdaughter up from the Ariana Grande concert in 2017
  6. PM: 'Solemn commitment' to learn lessonspublished at 17:46 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022
    Breaking

    Rishi Sunak has made a "solemn commitment" to the survivors and families of those killed that lessons will be learned.

    "Nothing will ease the pain of the families of those killed during the cowardly terrorist attack at Manchester Arena," the PM writes on Twitter., external

    "It is my solemn commitment to the victims, survivors and their loved ones that we will learn from the lessons of this inquiry."

  7. Watch: Fire service says they were 'wholly inadequate and totally ineffective'published at 17:38 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Media caption,

    WATCH: "This will never happen again" - David Russel, Greater Manchester Fire service

    Of all the people we've heard from today, one of the most remarkable statements came from David Russel - head of Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service.

    The inquiry report says, external "GMFRS officers did not attend the Victoria Exchange Complex [the attack site] until two hours and six minutes after the explosion" - a delay it calls "unacceptable".

  8. Burnham calls on Braverman to enforce 'statutory duty of candour'published at 17:30 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Burnham says he's had a "constructive meeting" with new Home Secretary Suella Braverman.

    It's "five years this week" since Bishop James Jones recommended a statutory duty of candour in his report on the experience of the Hillsborough families, he says.

    He calls on Braverman to bring forward a response and to accept Bishop Jones' findings.

    In short, a stautory duty of candour means authorities would - by law - be required to be as open, transparent, and honest as possible.

    This could have improved the police's response to the inquiries - which Burnham has just criticised.

  9. Police 'stuck to corporate narrative'published at 17:19 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Burnham now turns to the police.

    When asked to cooperate fully after the attack, he says the force "back then provided an inaccurate account of their actions nine months after the attack - which was signed off by the former chief constable.

    "It is my view that the force tried to stick for too long to a corporate narrative that suggested it had acted effectively.

    "That wasn't just disrespectful to the families of those injured. It had the effect of misleading myself and the deputy mayor."

    This, he says, led to delayed action to improve the force.

    Andy Burnham
    Image caption,

    Andy Burnham, speaking in Manchester this evening

  10. Fire service of today not the same as 2017 - Burnhampublished at 17:17 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Here's more from Andy Burnham.

    "I can say this with confidence to the people of Greater Manchester - your fire service of today is not the fire service of 2017," he says.

    The fire service has new, more effective leadership which has brought about an improvement in its internal culture, he says.

    Evidence of this can be seen in the service's new approach to dealing with a marauding terrorist attack.

    The fire and rescue service is training all of its firefighters to respond in that eventuality, equipping all teams with that capability, he adds.

  11. No justification for poor emergency response - Burnhampublished at 17:09 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Andy Burnham says many people - some emergency workers included - did all they could that night.

    But he says there was "poor advanced planning and a failure to follow established guidance for an incident of this nature".

    That led to a "confused response" on the night, Burnham says.

    "There is no justification, nor excuse, for this."

  12. Greater Manchester Mayor Andy Burnham speakingpublished at 17:05 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022
    Breaking

    So far we've heard from the chairman of the Manchester Arena Inquiry, as well as the emergency services.

    Now, Greater Manchester Mayor Andy Burnham is giving his reaction, alongside other leaders.

    Stay tuned as we bring you the latest.

  13. Analysis

    Some relief for Saffie-Rose's parents - but still painpublished at 17:04 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Annabel Tiffin
    Presenter, BBC North West Tonight

    Today is a day Lisa and Andrew Roussos have waited a long time for - the report into whether enough was done to save their daughter Saffie-Rose’s life.

    I’ve known Andrew and Lisa for four years. This afternoon, we watched the TV together at their home in Dorset as the inquiry’s chair Sir John Saunders delivered his findings.

    "Saffie fought that night but she was let down," Andrew told me. "Badly, badly let down."

    Lisa herself was seriously hurt by the bomb. She spent months in hospital recovering from her physical injuries.

    There are reminders of Saffie-Rose all around her family’s new home. Today’s inquiry findings have brought some relief to Andrew and Lisa - but they visibly still have to endure the pain of Saffie’s murder.

  14. Saffie-Rose Roussos's parents believe she would have survivedpublished at 16:56 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022
    Breaking

    Lisa and Andrew Roussos sitting on a sofa
    Image caption,

    Lisa and Andrew Roussos

    Lisa and Andrew Roussos - who lost their eight-year-old daughter Saffie in the attack - believe she would have survived if she had received treatment sooner.

    Andrew described Saffie as someone who wouldn't accept defeat.

    "We've got proof that Saffie fought for her life but she was bleeding to death," he tells the BBC. "Saffie fought that night, but unfortunately she was let down."

    Lisa says: "I believe in my heart that she would have survived had she been given correct medical attention that she needed. I do believe that."

    Andrew says on the night, everything went wrong - and this report confirms it.

    "It's beyond belief to listen to how many mistakes occurred. I feel like I've been in a fight the last two years," he says. "It's so hard to listen to all the excuses."

    The report says there was a chance that Saffie-Rose could have survived with better treatment - but adds this was "highly unlikely".

    Before the inquiry, her parents believed their daughter died within seconds of the bomb exploding, and that she had not suffered.

    But at the inquiry they learned that Saffie had lived for an hour, and that she had died as a result of blood loss from leg injuries. Her legs were never given tourniquets or splinted.

    Saffie-Rose Roussos smiling to the cameraImage source, Greater Manchester Police
    Image caption,

    Saffie-Rose Roussos

  15. Watch: I am truly sorry, says police chiefpublished at 16:50 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Stephen Watson, the chief constable for Greater Manchester, says the GMP's coordination "to the response of this atrocity was poor".

    "To the families and the loved ones of those who died, I am truly sorry," he says.

    Watson was appointed last year and was not in charge when the attack happened in 2017.

  16. Ambulance service: We should have got more responders into the arenapublished at 16:39 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Press conference
    Image caption,

    Stephen Watson, Lucy D'Orsi, David Russel, and Daren Mochrie answer questions

    Daren Mochrie, chief executive of the North West Ambulance Service, is speaking now.

    He says the feeling of pain, loss and anger does not go away - and his thoughts and his sympathies are with everyone involved, especially bereaved families.

    He stresses that all those participating in the emergency response did their best to save lives and repeatedly did just that.

    However, he says the service accepts that a higher number of responders should have been deployed to the city room - the foyer of the arena.

    The service also has "deep regret" over its ability to work together with blue light partners.

    "Whilst our actions were well intentioned, we apologise wholeheartedly for our failures. They weigh heavily on us as individuals and as an organisation," Mochrie says.

  17. Chief fire officer: We were wholly inadequate and totally ineffectivepublished at 16:23 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    And now it's over to David Russel, chief fire officer at Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service. He says the report made for "very difficult reading" for himself and his colleagues.

    He "wholeheartedly" apologises to the families of the 22 people who died that night - and to the survivors "whose lives are changed forever".

    "Our response that night was wholly inadequate and totally ineffective, and that will forever be a matter of deep regret for our service," he says.

    Russel adds that his force "let the families and the public down in their time of need" and says he is "truly sorry" for that.

    He adds that he knows no apology can take away the pain of victims' families, but says he "fully accepts the inquiry's criticisms of our service and the recommendations in full".

  18. British Transport Police chief: I am truly sorrypublished at 16:17 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    Lucy D'Orsi, chief constable of the British Transport Police, is up now. She says significant errors were made in the lead up and aftermath of the attack.

    "For those errors, I want to apologise to the families of the victims and to every one of you affected by that terrible night.

    "On behalf of everyone in British Transport Police, I am truly sorry."

    She continues by noting the "compassion" and "bravery" of first responders on scene as well as members of the public who helped.

    The BTP had the "primary responsibility" for policing the arena and Victoria Station, where some victims were taken, as both are owned by Network Rail.

  19. 'To the families and the loved ones of those who died, I am truly sorry'published at 16:12 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022

    More now from Stephen Watson, the chief constable for Greater Manchester, who was appointed last year - and was not in charge in 2017.

    He says the GMP's "combined failings were significant".

    "To the families and the loved ones of those who died, I am truly sorry," he says.

    It is important GMP considers all recommendations made in the report, and a team is already in place to do this, Watson adds.

    He says in recent years GMP has strengthened its leadership at all levels and has placed a premium on core operational competence and effectiveness.

    He says the force has developed a detailed memorandum of understanding with the British Transport Police for the arena site.

  20. Police chief: I apologise unreservedlypublished at 16:08 Greenwich Mean Time 3 November 2022
    Breaking

    First up is Chief Constable Stephen Watson, of Greater Manchester Police, who says he "fully accepts" the findings of the second report.

    He praises frontlife staff but admits the coordination of the response to the attack was "poor".

    "We had failed to plan effectively," he says - adding the force's actions fell short of what the public should expect.

    "I apologise unreservedly," he adds.