First Minister Nicola Sturgeon begins her statement at Holyrood by giving the latest figures.

A further 383 people have tested positive for the virus in Scotland, taking the total to 25,009.

She warns against complacency as she says the R number could be as high as 1.4.

She says while the biggest increases had been seen in those under 40 they are now being seen in the older population too, which is leading to an increase in hospitalisations and deaths.

Boris Johnson hits back at Labour after being criticised over NHS Test and Trace, after the example of a mother being told to drive 300 miles for a test for her son was cited.

He says: "It is disgraceful that the Labour opposition continue to blame NHS Test and Trace for the resurgence of the disease. There is a complete hiatus in their logic.

"Testing and tracing has very little or nothing to do with the spread or transmission of the disease."

He adds: "Of course NHS Test and Trace is vital but the way to fix the problem now is to follow this package of guidance, drive the R down and allow education and the economy to continue."

Labour MP for Cardiff South and Penrath Stephen Doughty criticises the government's record on testing and points to "failures" at its Lighthouse labs which he says the Welsh government is now having to plug the gaps in. He asks whether it is true that people will have to pay for the "so-called Operation Moonshot" tests.

The prime minister responds saying "it is not only true we are fixing the problems but we are also building four more Lighthouse labs" and says the government has secured the machines to do so.

He adds: "I am sure we will have the capacity to do 500,000 tests by the end of October and that's an extraordinary thing".

Reality Check

Opposition MPs have challenged the prime minister over changes in the work-from-home guidance that they say have been confusing.

The government has responded to worsening in rates of infection by saying office workers should work from home if they can, but how has that message changed?

16 March: The prime minister urged people to “start working from home where they possibly can".

23 March, external: People were told they could only leave their homes for four reasons, one of which was for “travelling to and from work, but only where this is absolutely necessary and cannot be done from home".

10 May, external: Message appears to change slightly - “We said that you should work from home if you can, and only go to work if you must. We now need to stress that anyone who can’t work from home, for instance those in construction or manufacturing, should be actively encouraged to go to work.”

10 July: The prime minister said that he thought it was “very important that people should be going back to work if they can now".

A week later he announced, external that “from 1 August, we will update our advice on going to work” and that “instead of government telling people to work from home, we are going to give employers more discretion, and ask them to make decisions about how their staff can work safely".

Now the advice has changed again.

Working from home has been pleasant for those with large homes and gardens, says Conservative MP Stephen Crabb, but not for those living in cramped, overcrowded accommodation.

He asks the PM if he recognises it will be a source of dismay for those people to no longer be able to go to their workplaces.

Johnson says where people must go into work for their mental health, their well-being, then "of course they should do so".

"We're saying you should work from home if you can," he adds.

The measures announced today are for England - but other things brought in by the UK government during the pandemic have affected all nations of the UK.

Douglas Ross, the Conservative leader in Scotland, welcomes the work that has been done with the devolved governments.

"But given these restrictive measures could be with us across the UK for the next six months or longer, what guarantee can the prime minister give that this UK government will continue to support Scottish employers and workers by areas... when the furlough scheme ends".

Johnson says the government will "continue to put our arms around workers and firms" across the country.

He lists investments they have made during the outbreak, and adds: "The people of the whole of the UK can count on this government to stand by them."

Faisal Islam
BBC Economics Editor

The “vast majority” of the economy will “continue moving forwards”, promised the prime minister, and that seemed to be one of the principle objectives of today’s announcements. Maximum virus suppression for minimum economic hit, and that meant no second lockdown.

The reality is that even a two-week “circuit breaker” lockdown could hit the size of the economy by 5-10% (The UK economy shrank by 20% in the full month of lockdown in April). That is avoided for now, but held in reserve if the virus continues to spread exponentially.

But the new information for many customers, consumers and small business owners is that the public faces six months of restrictions.

This will act as its own form of gravity in those sectors already most hit by the move to a more socially distant Britain - restaurants, pubs, leisure.

The economic impact of the pandemic reflects not just government-mandated restrictions, but also voluntary social distancing. For example, shopping has of course moved online - but also from major city centers to smaller towns.

Today’s announcements are going to be very challenging in those sectors, with banks already fretting about how to deal with high anticipated default rates on some support loans. The government will be under pressure to extend its bridge of support, at least in the most affected sectors, well into next year.

Labour MP Yvette Cooper lays out one problem with the testing system, saying we were promised 80% of in-person tests would come back within 24 hours in July.

That figure is now below 20%, she says, which is "dangerous" as contacts are not being traced swiftly and there's more chance of tougher restrictions having to be brought in as a result.

Johnson says despite the "massive increase" in testing, we are seeing 64% of people getting results in 24 hours. "I do want to get that up to 80% as fast as possible."

He says there will be capacity for 500,000 tests a day by October, and more people are already being tested than anywhere else in Europe.

Alex Forsyth
Political correspondent

Some speculation about what the PM meant when he said the government might draw on military support. No 10 says this is a system that’s been used in the past which would involve the military back-filling certain duties, such as guarding protected sites, so police officers can be out enforcing the virus response.

The PM’s spokesman said: “This is not about providing any additional powers to the military, or them replacing the police in enforcement roles, and they will not be handing out fines. It is about freeing up more police officers.”

Tory MP Bob Blackman says one of the "key concerns" in his constituencies is the failure of the public to comply with the rules on wearing face coverings.

He asks the PM how he is going to "make sure the message gets across that failing to comply with these rules is really selfish and potentially places other people at risk".

Johnson says Blackman is "spot on", and wearing masks was about "protecting yourself and protecting other people".

He says this is why the government is doubling the fine for not wearing one from £100 to £200.

Alex Forsyth
Political correspondent

Backbench MP Steve Baker is expressing the view of some Tory backbenchers who want to ensure that Parliament gets a say – and possibly gets to sign off – on restrictions. There has been some disquiet on the Conservative benches among those who feel the government has been taking decisions without enough consultation and involvement of MPs.

Tory MP Steve Baker is another backbencher who has been complaining about a lack of scrutiny by Parliament of the measures the government is taking.

He asks the PM to "please consider whether some innovative thinking can be applied to make sure the authority of this House is brought to bear in advance on these measures so that the public can have confidence that their representatives are authorising the use of law to constrain their freedom".

Johnson says the existing act, giving him the power to take these actions, already needs parliamentary approval.

But he promises there will be additional debates as well, adding: "There are many different opinions in this House and people need to air them together."

Munira Wilson, Liberal Democrat MP for Twickenham, asks the prime minister what is being done to protect BAME groups, among whom there has been an "alarming" rise in cases.

Johnson says it has targeted testing and protection for those in frontline groups, many of whom come from BAME groups.

He says to stop the spread in some communities, it is working harder with local government and community groups to get messaging across about risks of transmission.

There was a very brief mention of the military in Johnson's initial speech, but no detail of how they would be used.

The BBC's political editor, Laura Kuenssberg, understands they will be "on hand" to backfill for the police if needed.

But this won't be on the front line - merely to free the police up for public facing actions.

Reality Check

The changes announced by the prime minister could see more fines being issued.

As lockdown rules were eased over the summer, the police issued far fewer fines than during lockdown.

In England and Wales, just 13 fines were handed out for breaching gathering requirements outside of local lockdown areas in August, and a further 36 were given out where there were enhanced restrictions.

However, the National Police Chiefs’ Council – which supplies the data – has not updated its figures since the “rule of six” was introduced.

In the two months to 17 August, the NPCC says 46 fines were handed out for breaching rules on face coverings – 38 on public transport and eight in shops.

And just three fines were handed out for people failing to quarantine after arriving in England.

The Health and Safety Executive is also able to take action when businesses fail to take appropriate measures to prevent the spread of coronavirus.

Up to 6 September, it says it has done 14,900 spot checks resulting in action being taken in 2,500 cases.

The majority were verbal advice, but 75 led to enforcement notices, which require people to take specific actions.

Mel Stride, Conservative MP for Central Devon, welcomes the "balanced set of proportionate measures".

He says lockdowns destroy jobs and personal well-being, as the PM recognises, and a smaller economy in the future would have a "serious impact" on the health of millions of people.

Does the PM recognise we should listen to scientists, as well as the Treasury and economists, he asks.

Yes I do, says Johnson. "That's why we have to take drastic action now - to avoid the risk of more drastic action later on."

Johnson is asked to explain why the government is bringing in the 22:00 curfew for pubs and restaurants.

The PM says that the government has seen evidence that transmission "does tend to happen later at night after more alcohol has been consumed".

He says that introducing the limit on serving time is "one way of driving down the R number without doing [excessive] economic damage".

Nick Triggle
Health Correspondent

With hospital admissions and deaths still low, there is a window of opportunity before more difficult decisions have to be taken.

That’s why the restrictions taken by ministers, which may be in place for as long as six months, are somewhat more limited than the warning by scientists on Monday that cases could reach 50,000 cases a day suggested was needed.

But even if people do take more care, it remains doubtful the rise in cases will be stopped.

This is a virus which can be transmitted silently – people are infectious before symptoms develop, while some do not even develop any – and we are entering the time of year when respiratory illnesses circulate more and deaths start to increase.

Most experts doubt the 50,000-cases-a-day figure will be reached by October, but it would be a big surprise if the infection rate does not continue to gradually climb.

The government will then have a big decision to take – not necessarily about whether to introduce a full lockdown, but more significant steps such as stopping households mixing and closing hospitality and leisure facilities.

How far is it prepared to go to contain the virus? How much economic pain and disruption to people’s lives and to wider wellbeing is worth the lives that are at risk?

The really tough calls are still to come.

Tory MP Richard Fuller says some are worried that the "dominant focus on covid" has pushed other health conditions "further back in the queue".

He asks for the PM and health secretary to make it a "priority to communicate progress as we go through the winter period".

Johnson says he accepts that when there is a "boom in Covid cases other needs, cardiac and cancer cases, are pushed off".

He says that is "completely wrong", but that is why these measures to control the spread are "vital".

Alex Forsyth
Political correspondent

The government has repeatedly ruled out a wholesale extension of the furlough scheme but there is pressure on ministers – as we can see from the opposition benches – to provide further support for certain sectors. Further restrictions such as those announced today for hospitality will only increase that pressure, which will concentrate on the chancellor ahead of an expected budget this autumn.