After a very busy day of speeches and announcements from Rome and Glasgow, that's us done for today.

Our live coverage was produced by Jen Meierhans, Paul McLaren, Victoria Lindrea, Kelly-Leigh Cooper and Yaroslav Lukov. It was edited by Kevin Ponniah and Tiffany Wertheimer.

We'll be back tomorrow morning, as world leaders descend on Glasgow and finally get into the conference venue.

See you then, but if you want more now - read this on what the climate summit could mean for all of us.

Image source, Scottish Government

World leaders are heading to Glasgow tonight, ahead of their meetings tomorrow for COP26.

Scotland's first minister Nicola Sturgeon has said she will do everything possible to help make it a success, despite not being at "the top table in discussions".

Speaking earlier as world leaders arrived in Glasgow, Sturgeon said: "Scotland is welcoming the world to what may be the most important international conference of this century.

"Once world leaders are all in the same room, they must seize the moment and agree the necessary steps to prevent catastrophic temperature rises.

"And when they leave Glasgow, they must return home carrying a message of hope for humanity's future."

President Biden was asked a range of questions by journalists at his G20 news conference, and became visibly moved while answering one about his debates and splits within Catholicism and his personal relationship with Pope Francis.

"Pope Francis has become - I don't want to exaggerate - someone who has provided great solace for my family when my son died," he told the media.

The president said he lost "the real part of his soul" when his son Beau died in 2015, and recounted a story of how, days after Beau's death, Biden met the Pope during a visit to the US while working under then-President Barack Obama.

"Before he left and got on the plane, the Pope asked whether or not he could meet with my family and we met in a hanger in Philadelphia airport," Biden said - adding the meeting had a "cathartic impact" for his family.

"He's just a fine, decent, honourable man and we keep in touch," he added, before leaving the stage.

Image source, Handout via EPA

Image source, Pierre Dutrieux/BAS

Glasgow has been honoured in a unique way for hosting COP26 - with an Antarctic glacier being named after the city.

The 100km-long ice stream is in a region of the White Continent known to be experiencing rapid melting.

Eight other nearby glaciers will also carry the names of cities where important climate reports were issued, or policies were agreed.

They include Geneva, which held the very first climate conference in 1979.

Anthony Zurcher
BBC North America reporter

At the G20, a newly announced US-EU trade agreement on steel and aluminum tariffs had all the makings of an economic event.

But - ahead of COP26 - US President Joe Biden and EU Commission President Ursula Von der Leyen made it an environmental one.

Biden announced the US was dropping Trump-era tariffs on European steel and aluminum – with the EU also promising to end its retaliatory tariffs.

While Biden touted the economic benefits of the move, he emphasised the agreement’s hoped-for environmental impact, stressing the deal would incentivise emission reductions in steel production and restrict access to the US and EU markets for “dirty steel” from places such as China.

Noting that steel production is one of the most carbon-intensive sectors of the global economy, he said the US and EU had agreed to a “carbon-based arrangement”.

Von der Leyen, for her part, said the agreement was the start of “a new global, sustainable steel arrangement”.

Image source, Reuters

The president has finished taking media questions now, and left the stage.

He was also asked about his Build Back Better framework's climate policies.

He's asked if his incentives toward renewable energy go far enough, and also about potentially introducing punitive measures to hold companies accountable.

"Everyone knows which direction it's going," he says in defence of his carrot-and-stick approach with US industry.

Biden opens up the floor to questions from the media.

The president is asked if the world can be confident that the US will make good on its climate promises without him having the votes in Congress on bills to authorise funding. He says he remains confident his plans will pass.

He then addresses disappointment by some about what was agreed at the G20 ahead of COP26.

Mr Biden says China and Russia "basically didn't show up" on matters of the climate and says he "found it disappointing".

Image source, Reuters

It seems the delay had something to do with an elevator - the president apologises and says it's a long story... but begins addressing the media in Rome.

He describes a "series of very productive meetings" at the G20 news conference and says he is "looking forward to continuing to make progress" on climate issues in Glasgow.

He speaks about the new global minimum tax agreement on big businesses - describing it as an "incredible win" for all countries.

The president also addresses issues of supply chain issues at home in the US and speaks about the hard-fought infrastructure deal his administration is trying to get passed in Congress.

And President Biden has just begun his news conference in Rome.

It seems like his post-G20 press conference will be a little later than expected.

It's now after 20:15 local time in Rome.

Image source, PA Media

Travellers heading to Scotland for the COP26 climate summit have been left stranded by major rail disruption caused by "intense storms".

Hundreds of people were left waiting at London's Euston station after fallen trees caused all trains to be suspended.

Network Rail said trains had been able to resume using a diversion, only for that route to then also become blocked.

Read more here.

Image source, Getty Images

While we wait for President Biden's news conference, let's take a look at some of the reaction from the G20 agreements.

As we've been hearing from Italy's PM, the leaders of the world's richest economies - the G20 - have pledged to pursue efforts to limit global warming with "meaningful and effective actions".

But exactly how this will be achieved was not revealed in their statement leaving activists "disappointed".

Their closing statement, called a communiqué, makes no reference to achieving net zero by 2050, which many countries have already pledged to do and scientists say is critical to avoiding a climate catastrophe.

Italy's PM said they are committed to net zero by "mid-century", but China - the world's worst polluter - and Russia have pushed their deadline out to 2060.

The communiqué does pledge, however, to stop financing new, unabated coal plants internationally by the end of this year - a strong message to coal-reliant nations such as China, Russia and India. But the G20 leaders stopped short of agreeing to end coal power in their own nations.

Oscar Soria, of the activist network Avaaz, told the Reuters news agency there was "little sense of urgency" coming from the group, adding: "There is no more time for vague wish-lists, we need concrete commitments and action."

Read more: G20 pledge climate action but make few commitments

We are expecting to hear from US President Joe Biden shortly.

Biden will speak from Rome, where a summit of G20 leaders just concluded.

Image source, bbc

As world leaders start to arrive in Glasgow, a 1,000-strong team of volunteers have taken to the streets of the Scottish city to play their part in COP26.

The volunteers will be on hand with local information to help the expected 25,000 visitors get around the city.

They will be based at key transport hubs and travel routes including Buchanan Street bus station and along Lancefield Quay on the Clyde.

For many, the event - which runs until 12 November - is about promoting Glasgow on a global stage.

Cynthia Tjipuka, who moved to Scotland from Namibia 10 months ago, is thrilled at the prospect of being able to help showcase her adopted home city.

She said: "I'm seriously honoured and humbled to be part of such a huge event. This is a life-changing event for our future generations and for the planet."

Watch here

Image source, Getty Images

Global poverty charity Oxfam says the G20 group of the world's richest countries have offered "vague promises and platitudes" instead of providing "the lightning bolt that the COP26 climate talks so desperately need".

Oxfam’s senior adviser, Jörn Kalinski, says confirming the 1.5C goal of the Paris Agreement was a "minimum requirement" and without a promise to revise national climate plans "it is meaningless".

However, Kalinski says the promise to stop financing new coal power plants overseas by the end of this year was "one of the few positives" of the G20's statement.

Reality Check

PM Boris Johnson has just spoken about the carbon-cutting progress the UK has made saying it is "proof" that more can be done.

And earlier, Alok Sharma, president of COP26, compared the UK’s climate record with other leading economies, telling the BBC: “We as a country have decarbonised our economy more than any other G20 nation”.

But is that true?

Since 1990, the UK has had about a 44% reduction in its yearly carbon emissions, according to the latest government data.

That is a bigger drop than any other major economy over recent years. Germany’s annual emissions, for example, are down about 30% over the same time period.

Most of the UK’s reduction has been achieved by decarbonising the energy sector - closing coal-fired power stations and spending money on solar, wind and nuclear energy.

But the UK has struggled to achieve such sustained reductions in its buildings and transport sector, with just a 1.6% and 0.2% cut in emissions since 2011 respectively.

Campaigners, including Greta Thunberg, also question the 44% figure, saying it doesn’t cover all emissions – for example, those associated with making goods in other countries, which the UK then imports. The way the UK calculates its figures, however, is consistent with other countries and the UN.

Jonathan Amos
Science correspondent, BBC News

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are mostly responsible for our climate problem, but methane makes a significant contribution.

Molecule for molecule, its warming effect is greater than CO2, but it’s also short-lived in the atmosphere, meaning that if we can get on top of its human-produced sources (like fossil fuels, agriculture and waste landfills) we could have some quick wins in the battle against global heating.

Governments attending COP26 are being asked to sign up for the Global Methane Pledge, external which commits to a collective goal of reducing global methane emissions by at least 30% from 2020 levels by 2030.

Today also sees the formal launch of the UN Environment Programme’s International Methane Emissions Observatory, external (IMEO). A lot of their data will come from self-reporting by governments and companies, but the observatory will also be making good use of remote-sensing tools.

Take a look at this picture just released from the GHGSat company. GHGSat flies a constellation of small satellites that can now spy sources of methane at high resolution - selling its data to companies to help them understand their emissions and develop strategies to deal with them.

This image depicts an open-cast coal mine in Kazakhstan. The gas is likely seeping from a new wall that’s being worked on in the mine.

Image source, Reuters

If you're just joining our live coverage - here are the main developments at the G20 summit in Rome and the opening day of the COP26 in Glasgow:

• COP26 President Alok Sharma warns Glasgow is the "last, best hope to keep 1.5C in reach". He is referring to the goal to keep warming limited to 1.5C by 2100 - but we are currently on track for 2.7C, which the UN says would result in "climate catastrophe"
• G20 leaders urge "meaningful and effective action" to achieve the 1.5C target - but agree few specific measures

• Activists call it a missed opportunity - but others say it could still help build momentum for stronger commitments at COP26 itself
• UK PM Boris Johnson says any progress will depend on "the will, the courage and the leadership of everybody" at COP26

• Swedish activist Greta Thunbergtold the BBC that sometimes "you have to anger people" to create change

Stay with us - as we'll be bringing you all the latest developments, eyewitness accounts and analysis by our correspondents on the ground.

Here's a clip of UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson urging world leaders to take real action at COP26 to avert the summit's failure.

No jokes in Rome as Boris sets tone ahead of COP26published at 17:21 Greenwich Mean Time 31 October 2021

17:21 GMT 31 October 2021

Chris Mason
Political Correspondent

The prime minister is known for a style that is rarely a sentence or two away from the jocular.

Puns, jokes, bonhomie.

There was none of that in Boris Johnson's news conference as the G20 Summit closes in Rome.

In his tone and his language, there was a seriousness of purpose; even, as ITV Political Editor Robert Peston suggested, a gloominess.

On climate, the G20 had merely been "reasonable," he said, progress had merely "inched forward".

He acknowledged that the communiqué, the agreement published at the end of the summit, was vague in its promises because of disagreement among the world's biggest economies.

It promises members will reach net zero carbon emissions "at or around mid-century" - an acceptance that some haven't committed to 2050, but instead to 2060 - or have made no commitment at all.

And so on to Glasgow and what the prime minister says will be a "very, very difficult" few days.