Letter from Africa: The wonders of Somali cuisine and a taste of home

In our series of letters from African journalists, Ismail Einashe considers the importance of food for those forced to flee their homes.

On a rainy Friday evening in London not long ago, I welcomed a group of friends to my flat to enjoy a Somali culinary feast that I had spent hours preparing.

The platter included classic Somali staples such as the popular "baaris" - a rice dish cooked in a rich meat broth with spices such as cardamom, cumin and cloves.

These ingredients give the dish - the jewel of Somali cuisine - a deep, complex and delicious flavour.

I served it with "hilib", which is meat - in this case lamb - that is cooked slowly for hours with fragrant spices, onions and garlic.

I also had another staple, Somali bolognese served with spaghetti - the dish owes its origins to the days when Somalia was a colony of Italy.

But Somalis use cubed beef, goat or lamb with our own version of the classic Italian "soffrito" - sautéed green peppers, garlic and onion - to which we add aromatic spices.

The flavours of home can be found in Somali cuisine for those in the diaspora

And no Somali meal is ever complete without serving bananas and "shigni" also known as "basbaas", a tangy, hot sauce made with green chillies, tomatoes, tamarind and coriander.

I have always loved to cook and eat Somali food - as my waistline will attest.

My formative years were spent in the kitchen watching the women in my family prepare delicious dishes.

But in recent months, stuck in London, unable to travel because of the Covid pandemic, I noticed that I have been cooking a lot more Somali food.

Spaghetti with a Somali twist

This rekindled interest in Somali food is also driven by a grim milestone this year - 2021 marks the 30th anniversary of the Somali state's collapse, and the outbreak of conflict.

When I make Somali food by chopping humongous amounts of onions or kneading flour dough to make flatbreads or drinking a cup of warm Somali "shah" - spiced tea with milk - my mind drifts back to the blissful days spent with family and friends in Hargeisa, the capital of what is now the self-declared republic of Somaliland.

My family, like so many Somalis, was forced to become refugees in Ethiopia before starting new lives in the UK.

Honouring your heritage

Now watching the tragedy unfold in Afghanistan I am reminded yet again about what it means to be forced to leave your home.

You can end up losing many things, including your language, but food - the ingredients, dishes and flavours - stay with you.

It becomes a way to honour your heritage - and to also show your love for your new friends in your adopted country.

Unlike other East African cuisines such as Eritrean or Ethiopian food, very few people are familiar with Somali ingredients or dishes.

But Somali food may soon have its moment thanks in part to US-based Somali chef Hawa Hassan and her cookbook In Bibi's Kitchen, that spotlights the cooking traditions of countries in East Africa including Somalia.

There are also a growing number of YouTube channels and Instagram pages dedicated to Somali food, while a generation in the diaspora is boldly taking traditional cuisine and fusing it with modern techniques to give Somali food a 21st-Century facelift.

US-based chef Hawa Hassan is one of those in the diaspora now sharing the delights of Somali food

In these recent months cooking Somali food more often has brought happy family memories.

But it also frustrates me that this delectable, aromatic and hearty cuisine is not more widely known - it is high time for Somali food to finally get the attention it deserves.

With Somali cuisine, everything starts with a spice mix called "xawaash", a heady combination of cumin seeds, coriander seeds, black peppercorns, cinnamon bark, cardamom pods, cloves and turmeric.

There is something soothing, even spiritual, about gathering the spices, toasting them to extract their oil and then using a mortar and pestle to grind them into a mix that fills the kitchen with a wonderful scent.

But I leave you with this simple recipe for the hot chilli side dish "shigni" sauce - no Somali meal is complete without it.

Ingredients for shigni:

• Three to five green chillies

• Half a ripe medium tomato

• Quarter of an onion

• Bunch of coriander

• Two garlic cloves

• Juice of one lime

• Two tablespoons tamarind paste (watered down in a little hot water)

• Small slice of ripe papaya or mango

• Salt to taste

Method:

1. Roughly chop onion, tomato, garlic and chillies

2. Put them in a blender and add coriander, tamarind paste, lime juice, payaya/mango and salt

3. Blitz everything, on low setting initially, until a smooth consistency

4. If the mixture is too dry add a little extra water or lime juice

5. Place the sauce into a glass jar or bowl - it will keep it in the fridge for three to five days.

Shigni goes with almost anything - rice, meat, wraps, salads. Experiment and find the right taste for your palate and tweet me @IsmailEinashe to let me know how you get on.

More Letters from Africa:

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• Letters replace phones in Nigeria's kidnap zone

• The woman bucking the trend to embrace her grey hair

• Viewpoint: Why Twitter got it wrong in Nigeria

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