Pain of Pakistan's outcast Ahmadis
- Published
Gravestone of Nobel prize winner Abdus Salam in Rabwah's main cemetery defaced to remove the word Muslim
Pakistan's constitution was amended 40 years ago to declare Ahmadis to be non-Muslims. Regarded by orthodox Muslims as heretical, Ahmadis are not allowed to refer to their places of worship as mosques or to publicly quote from the Koran - acts punishable by imprisonment of up to three years.
Critics of the anti-Ahmadi laws say they have encouraged violence against the community. Residents of the all-Ahmadi town of Rabwah told BBC Urdu's Nosheen Abbas of their fears for the future.
The survivor: I was in one of the mosques
Usama Munir moved to Rabwah after he and his father were caught up in an attack on Ahmadi mosques in Lahore four years ago
Usama Munir used to be a banker in Lahore, but after his father was killed in attacks on Ahmadi mosques in the city in 2010, he decided to move to Rabwah.
Usama was in one of the mosques in Lahore, but survived the attacks which were blamed on Sunni militants.
He felt his survival was another chance at life and he moved to Rabwah to dedicate himself to the Ahmadi community's local chapter (known as Jamaat).
The student: I face new problems every day
'Every day is a challenge for me as an Ahmedi student'
Humaira (not her real identity) is a student outside Rabwah.
She says she faces discrimination on a daily basis - unlike her older sister who also studied at the same university, she is unable to stay in the dorm because Ahmadi students are not welcome there, she says.
Her older sister told us that moves to ban Ahmadi students from the dorms had begun while she was a student. Humaira says she and other young Ahmadis need to fight against this discrimination.
The leader: Religious intolerance
Mirza Khursheed Ahmed: 'Ahmadis are in for a more difficult time'
Mirza Khursheed Ahmed is the head of all the Ahmadi missions in Pakistan.
He believes that the atmosphere in Pakistan is growing ever more difficult for Ahmadis.
He says that when the state denies rights to one group it leads to wider religious intolerance.
The elder: 'It's said it's necessary to kill Ahmadis'
Ahmadi elder describes how violence against Ahmadis extends to threats against children
Chaudhry Hamidullah, who has lived in Rabwah for years, believes the community will see better days - but says the younger generation should be prepared for tough times.
Anti-Ahmadi laws had set a precedent in the country and any community could be stigmatised in the future, he said.
- Published29 May 2010