Mo Farah's coach Alberto Salazar may have breached drug rules - leaked Usada report

Salazar (centre) celebrates with Mo Farah and Galen Rupp after the pair took gold and silver in the 10,000m final at the London 2012 Olympics

The American coach of Olympic champion Sir Mo Farah may have broken anti-doping rules to boost the performance of some of his athletes, says a leaked report.

Alberto Salazar has been under investigation since a BBC Panorama programme made allegations about drugs use at his US training base.

A leaked US Anti-Doping Agency (Usada) report, dated March 2016, has been obtained by the Sunday Times.

Salazar and Briton Farah deny they have ever broken anti-doping rules.

The leaked report also alleges Salazar, head coach of the world famous endurance Nike Oregon Project (NOP), routinely gave Farah and other athletes legal prescription drugs with potentially harmful side-effects without a justifiable medical reason.

The investigation into Salazar, who is also a consultant to UK Athletics (UKA), has been under way since at least June 2015.

The Usada interim report was passed to the Sunday Times by the suspected Russian hacking group Fancy Bears.

The BBC has so far been unable to verify its authenticity with Usada, or establish whether any of its reported conclusions are out of date.

In a statement, Usada said it could "confirm that it has prepared a report in response to a subpoena from a state medical licensing body regarding care given by a physician to athletes associated with the Nike Oregon Project".

It said: "We understand that the licensing body is still deciding its case and as we continue to investigate whether anti-doping rules were broken, no further comment will be made at this time.

"Importantly, all athletes, coaches and others under the jurisdiction of the World Anti-Doping Code are innocent and presumed to have complied with the rules unless and until the established anti-doping process declares otherwise. It is unfair and reckless to state, infer or imply differently."

Contents of the report

According to the Sunday Times, the leaked report claims that Salazar:

• used a banned method of infusing a legal supplement called L-carnitine;

• risked the health of his athletes, including Farah, by issuing potentially harmful prescription medicines to improve testosterone levels and boost recovery, despite no obvious medical need.

Salazar maintains that drug use has always fully complied with the Wada code and that athletes were administered with L-carnitine in "exactly the way Usada directed".

Salazar has been under Usada investigation since 2015

The Sunday Times claims the Usada report also reveals:

• investigators have been impeded because Salazar and several athletes have "largely refused to permit Usada to review their medical records";

• Farah received an infusion of the legal supplement L-carnitine in 2014, which Usada is continuing to investigate in case the method of infusion broke doping rules by going over the legal limit of 50ml.

The report, apparently written in March 2016, allegedly states: "Usada continues to investigate circumstances related to L-carnitine use" by Farah.

Farah, who has won 5,000m and 10,000m gold at the past two Olympic Games, told The Sunday Times two years ago that he had "tried a legal energy drink" containing L-carnitine but "saw no benefit" and did not continue with it.

The newspaper also claims the report says Dr John Rogers, a medic for the British athletics team, told Usada in an interview that conversations he had with Salazar at a training camp in the French Pyrenees before the 2011 World Championships in Daegu gave him such "concern" that he wrote an email at the time to his medical colleagues at UK Athletics.

It also says Rogers told Usada that Salazar had told him about "off-label and unconventional" uses of the prescription medications calcitonin and thyroxine (hormones) and high doses of vitamin D and ferrous sulphate.

The revelations will pile more pressure on Britain's greatest ever endurance runner, who has steadfastly refused to end his association with Salazar.

It raises questions too for UKA, which gave the Briton the all-clear to continue working with Salazar after an inquiry was launched following the BBC Panorama programme.

Background

In June 2015, in conjunction with the US website ProPublica, the BBC's Panorama programme Catch Me If You Can made a series of allegations about the methods at NOP, and included testimony from a number of former athletes and coaches, including Kara Goucher and Steve Magness.

The film alleged Salazar had a fixation on the testosterone levels of his athletes, and may have doped American Olympic medallist Galen Rupp with the banned steroid version when he was 16. The programme also alleged Salazar had conducted testosterone experiments on his sons to see how much of the drug he could apply to them before it triggered positive tests.

The film also alleged Salazar used thyroid medicine inappropriately with his athletes, and encouraged the use of prescription medication when there was no justifiable need.

Salazar denied the wrongdoing alleged in the programme, and issued a 12,000-word rebuttal.

Usada took the unusual step of confirming it had launched an investigation into NOP following the BBC and ProPublica's revelations in 2015. Earlier stories by the New York Times and the Sunday Times had also raised concerns about some of Salazar's methods.

It is not clear why the Usada report remains unpublished.

The BBC has sought comment from Alberto Salazar, Sir Mo Farah and UK Athletics.

Analysis

BBC sports editor Dan Roan

Nine months ago, amid rumours Usada had dropped an investigation into his coach, Sir Mo Farah said he felt vindicated after standing by Alberto Salazar, the man who has helped him achieve so much success. This will raise more questions over that association.

Last year Farah distanced himself from another controversial coach, Somalian Jama Aden. And he could now face renewed pressure to do something similar with a man who we now know Usada is still looking into.

This could also be awkward for Salazar's employers Nike, and for UK Athletics - not least how it came to clear Salazar in 2015, even though it now seems one of its senior medics, Dr John Rogers, says he had raised concerns to them over the coach's methods.