Summary

  • Bangladeshis are waiting to see what unfolds, a day after Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina resigned and fled the country

  • Parliament was dissolved on Tuesday - a key demand of student protest leaders, who have also said they will not accept a military-led government

  • The country's army chief has promised an interim government and said new elections will be announced

  • Huge crowds stormed Hasina's official residence in Dhaka on Monday, and there was looting and disorder in the capital, resulting in the deaths of more than 100 people - overtaking Sunday as the deadliest day of violence

  • Hasina is in India, but it is unclear where she might end up more permanently

  • The student protests began in July with calls to abolish civil service job quotas, but spiralled into demands for Hasina to quit after 15 years in power

  1. Schools have opened but classrooms are emptypublished at 05:39 British Summer Time 6 August

    The Bangladesh army's public relations arm announced on Monday night that all educational institutions would reopen from Tuesday, including schools, colleges and universities.

    It remains unclear, however, when classes will resume.

    Afsar Munna, a student of Dhaka University told the BBC's Bengali service on Tuesday morning that authorities had "opened the halls since yesterday. But no academic activities are going on.

    "Ultimately there is no authority now."

    Another student of Jagannath University also echoed this, saying that while the campus has opened, classes had not started.

    A student from Rajshahi University, which was heavily involved in the student quote reform protests, said the hall at his university has not yet opened, adding: "I heard that today the students themselves will open the hall and enter."

    Tanveer Haseeb, a student from Jahangirnagar University, added that many students "had gone home" and that it would take time for them to return to the capital.

    It is believed the University Teachers Network, an organisation of university teachers in different parts of Bangladesh, will meet today at 11:00 local time (06:00).

  2. The pro-democracy icon who became an autocratpublished at 05:24 British Summer Time 6 August

    Bangladesh Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina speaks as she is sworn in for a fifth term at the Presidential Palace in Dhaka on January 11, 2024Image source, Getty Images

    Credited with overseeing the South Asian country's economic progress in recent years, Sheikh Hasina began her political career as a pro-democracy icon.

    Her father was the nationalist leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Bangladesh's "Father of the Nation" who led the country's independence from Pakistan in 1971.

    She later became the leader of the political party her father belonged to, the Awami League, and joined hands with other political parties to hold pro-democracy street protests during the military rule of General Hussain Muhammed Ershad. She first won power in 1996, and again in 2009.

    However, in recent years she has been accused of turning autocratic and clamping down on any opposition to her rule. Politically-motivated arrests, disappearances, extra-judicial killings and other abuses have all risen under her rule.

    You can read more in our profile on Sheikh Hasina here.

  3. Student protesters won't accept army-led governmentpublished at 05:04 British Summer Time 6 August

    A soldier is carried through a crowd of cheering protesters on someone's shoulders.Image source, Getty Images
    Image caption,

    Student protesters have said they will not accept military rule

    Bangladesh student protest co-ordinators have released a video on Facebook saying they would not accept military rule, calling for the formation of a new interim government with Nobel Peace laureate Muhammad Yunus as its chief adviser.

    "Any government other than the one we recommended would not be accepted," Nahid Islam, one of the key organisers of the students movement, said in the video, adding that Mr Yunus had agreed to take the role on. "We wouldn't accept any army-supported or army-led government."

    Mr Yunus, 84, was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2006 for founding the Grameen Bank and pioneering a microcredit initiative that helped to lift millions out of poverty.

    He was also indicted by a Bangladesh court in June, however, on charges of embezzlement. He denies the charges and the case has been widely decried by his supporters as being politically motivated.

  4. We wrote history, say protesterspublished at 04:42 British Summer Time 6 August

    A bearded man with black hair in a black polo shirt smiles into the camera.
    Image caption,

    Prince (pictured) was euphoric as protesters' demands were finally met.

    As news of Sheikh Hasina's resignation spread on Monday, protesters relished the significance of a moment they'd fought hard for.

    "This is like victory for me," Prince told the BBC's Outside Source on Monday. "We are feeling very happy, because after a lot of struggle and years of dictatorship of Hasina we got our freedom, we got our freedom of speech, we got our freedom of expression back."

    Another protester, Tanveer, spoke of the sacrifices and risks many like him took in pursuit of their cause.

    "Today we wrote history," he told the BBC. "I’ve been participating in the protests for the past month – I’ve had my left hand completely burned and I’ve had a few rubber bullets pass by me."

    He also acknowledged the instability that remains on the streets of Dhaka, adding that today was the "first victory won" - but that there were many to go.

    "Even after the Prime Minister resigned, her entire house was looted – and that’s anarchy to me, that’s not something I was hoping for," he said.

    "We have more battles to fight, because we need to build a more civilised and a more educated nation."

  5. Agreement on interim government needed to 'restore order'published at 04:29 British Summer Time 6 August

    There are several key players in the negotiations for Bangladesh's interim government - the military, student protest co-ordinators, and civil society groups.

    An agreement needs to be reached soon "to restore order and trust in society," says Mubashar Hasan, a Bangladesh expert from the University of Oslo.

    Mr Hasan told the BBC's Newsday programme that he doesn't expect the uncertainty to last for long.

    "With the passion that the younger generation has shown... restructuring the state would take place sooner rather than later," he said.

    Bangladesh's army chief Gen Waker-Uz-Zaman, who announced the resignation of Sheikh Hasina on Monday, is set to meet student protesters at 12:00 local time (06:00 GMT).

  6. What happened yesterday?published at 04:24 British Summer Time 6 August

    Hands raised in smoke-filled air as a helicopter flies overhead.Image source, Getty Images
    Image caption,

    Celebrations erupted on the streets of Dhaka as Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina fled in a helicopter.

    Weeks of deadly anti-government protests have reached what many had come to see as an inevitable conclusion on Monday, as embattled Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina acquiesced to protesters’ demands and resigned as leader of Bangladesh.

    Jubilant crowds took to the streets to celebrate the news as Ms Hasina, 76, fled the country in a helicopter, with throngs of citizens storming the prime ministerial palace and reportedly looting and vandalising parts of her former residence.

    “It's total anarchy at the moment,” a source on the ground told the BBC.

    Hours after Ms Hasina's resignation, President Mohammed Shahabuddin ordered the release of jailed former Prime Minister Khaleda Zia and all students detained during recent protests against a quota system for government jobs.

    President Shahabuddin said he had chaired a meeting of army chiefs and political representatives. He said an interim government would be formed, new elections called and a national curfew lifted.

  7. Welcome back to our coveragepublished at 04:08 British Summer Time 6 August

    Yvette Tan
    Live editor

    Welcome back - we’re restarting our live coverage of events unfolding in Bangladesh, following a momentous day when fierce anti-government protests drove Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to resign and flee the country.

    The situation on the ground remains unstable, and we don’t know much about what’s likely to come next, but stay with us as we bring you the latest updates as we get them.

  8. Bangladesh's PM quits and flees, but where will she end up?published at 17:55 British Summer Time 5 August

    Jamie Whitehead
    Live reporter

    We are pausing our coverage of this story now.

    It's been an historic day in Bangladesh, with the country's prime minister quitting after weeks of anti-government protests and then fleeing the country for India.

    Local media there is reporting that Sheikh Hasina is headed to London, but at the moment this is not confirmed.

    Earlier we heard from the head of the army that an interim government would be formed today, but that hasn't happened yet.

    Thank you for joining us. Today's coverage was bought to you by Yvette Tan, Annabelle Liang, Gavin Butler, Hannah Ritchie, Kelly Ng, Tessa Wong, Yaroslav Lukov, Matt Murphy, Simon Fraser, Flora Drury and me.

    To read more on this story, click here.

  9. What's happening in Bangladesh - quick recap of key developmentspublished at 17:46 British Summer Time 5 August

    Crowds shake hands with soldiers sitting atop an armoured personnel carries as they celebrate the departure of Sheikh Hasina in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Photo: 5 August 2024Image source, Reuters
    Image caption,

    Crowds shake hands with soldiers sitting atop an armoured personnel carries as they celebrate the departure of Sheikh Hasina in Dhaka

    Thanks for staying for our live coverage of this fast-moving story that is gripping Bangladesh and the wider South Asia region.

    Here are the key developments in what has been described as an historic day for Bangladesh:

    • Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, who had led Bangladesh since 2009, unexpectedly resigned and fled the country on board a helicopter after weeks of protests against her government
    • Hasina, 76, is now believed to be in the neighbouring India, amid speculation that she might be preparing to move to yet another foreign country
    • Big crowds in the capital Dhaka and across Bangladesh celebrated Hasina's departure, with many saying the country is now "free again"
    • There were also reports of widespread looting, with protesters seen carrying out pieces of furniture from Hasina's official residence that was stormed earlier in the day
    • In a televised address to the nation, army chief Gen Waker-uz-Zaman pledged that an interim government would be formed, without giving any details on who might lead it
    • The European Union called for an orderly and democratic power transition
    • Since mass protests against civil service hiring quotas broke out last month, hundreds of people have been killed in clashes with security forces
  10. How protests ended Hasina's 15-year reignpublished at 17:36 British Summer Time 5 August

    Anbarasan Ethirajan
    South Asia editor, BBC World Service

    Sheikh Hasina. File photoImage source, EPA-EFE/REX/Shutterstock

    Sheikh Hasina had ruled Bangladesh - the South Asian nation of 170 million - with an iron fist since 2009.

    The 76-year-old's time in power was rife with accusations of forced disappearances, extra-judicial killings, and the crushing of opposition figures and her critics - charges she denied.

    In recent weeks, Hasina, the daughter of the country’s founding President Sheikh Mujibur Rahmanhad, and her party blamed their political opponents for the mass unrest.

    But this time, the anger was louder than ever before.

    What appears to have finally tipped the scales was the ferocity of the clashes between the protesters and police on Sunday.

    Sunday saw at least 90 people, including 13 police officers, killed - the worst single day of casualties incurred during protests in Bangladesh’s recent history, and almost a third of the 300 people known to have died since protests began.

    Read Anbarasan's analysis in full

  11. Hasina's rule damaged independent institutions, says rights grouppublished at 17:28 British Summer Time 5 August

    A vandalised mural of Sheikh Hasina in Dhaka. Photo: 5 August 2024Image source, Reuters
    Image caption,

    A vandalised mural of Sheikh Hasina in Dhaka

    Human Rights Watch (HRW) has said that Sheikh Hasina's rule had a detrimental effect on Bangladesh's independent institutions.

    "These last three terms of the Sheikh Hasina government has really damaged...independent institutions, including the judiciary, the National Human Rights Commission, the police," HRW's Asia Deputy Director Meenakshi Ganguly told Reuters news agency.

    "Everything had become tainted through political pressure. There needs to be a rebuilding of independent institutions. There needs to be better human rights protections."

    She said people across the country were celebrating Hasina's departure because "they will feel that they have won today".

    "A lot of people have lost their lives in this fight, which really began peacefully only over quotas in government jobs, but escalated because of mishandling by the government, by the absolute arrogance of the political leadership, by excesses of the security forces into something which was so angry and demanded that the prime minister step down."

  12. Curfew introduced by India along Bangladesh borderpublished at 17:21 British Summer Time 5 August

    India's Meghalaya state has imposed a curfew along its border with Bangladesh until the situation in the country normalises.

    The curfew will run from 18:00 local time each evening until 06:00 the following morning.

  13. Police HQ attacked in Dhakapublished at 16:59 British Summer Time 5 August

    Several hundred protesters have attacked the police headquarters Bangladesh’s capital Dhaka, our BBC Bangla colleagues are reporting.

    At around 18:30 local time (13:30 BST), demonstrators broke through the main gate armed with sticks before vandalising the interior of the building.

    No casualties have been reported from the attack, though police officers were present in the building at the time.

    Several attacks have been reported on police stations across the country.

    Earlier, we told you that the office of the deputy commissioner and superintendent of police were attacked in the eastern city of Sylhet.

  14. EU urges peaceful and democratic power transitionpublished at 16:50 British Summer Time 5 August

    The European Union has called for an "orderly and peaceful transition towards a democratically elected government" in Bangladesh in "full respect of human rights".

    In a statement, Josep Borrell, the top diplomat of the 27-member bloc, said: "The European Union is closely monitoring the events unfolding in Bangladesh.

    "Following the address to the nation by Chief of Army Staff, General Waker-Uz-Zaman, the EU calls for calm and restraint.

    "The EU is saddened by the tragic loss of life during the protests in recent days. We take note of the assurances given by General Waker-Uz-Zaman that the situation will be handled in a peaceful manner, and that all unlawful killings will be impartially investigated. Accountability for human rights violations is crucial. Those who have been arbitrarily detained should be released immediately."

  15. Who was Sheikh Mujibur Rahman?published at 16:28 British Summer Time 5 August

    A mural of Sheikh Mujibur RahmanImage source, Getty Images

    You might recognise the name Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from some of our reporting today.

    He is Sheikh Hasina's father, and is known in Bangladesh as the "Father of the Nation" and led the country's drive for independence from Pakistan in 1971, before he became its first president.

    Mujibur was assassinated with most of his family members in a military coup in 1975. Only Hasina and her younger sister survived as they were travelling in West Germany at the time, staying at the Bangladeshi embassy.

    "We didn't know what really happened, because the television was in German, we didn't understand much," Hasina recalled in a 2013 interview with Al-Jazeera.

    "The same day our ambassador, he took me to his room... then he told me what happened. Everybody was assassinated."

    Hasina has spoken openly about her father's influence on her, telling Al-Jazeera: "I have to fulfil my father's unfinished job."

  16. Some disorder in Dhaka following PM exitpublished at 16:11 British Summer Time 5 August

    While much of Bangladesh has been peacefully celebrating the departure of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, there have been reports of looting and vandalism across the country.

    Shortly after the prime minister fled Bangladesh, demonstrators manged to get into her official residence - with reports of looting and vandalism coming from witnesses on the ground.

    In the capital Dhaka, the Bangabandhu Memorial Museum was set on fire by anti-government demonstrators.

    A portrait of Hasina's father, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman - a former independence leader and the country’s first president - was also damaged at the museum.

    Huge plumes of smoke rising from builsings. The photo has been taken from a distance above.Image source, Getty Images
    Image caption,

    Anti-government protesters set fire to the Bangabandhu Memorial Museum in Dhaka.

    Demonstrators in the prime minister's residenceImage source, Getty Images
    Image caption,

    Demonstrators got into Hasina’s official residence

    Bangabandhu Memorial Museum on fireImage source, Getty Images
    Image caption,

    The Bangabandhu Memorial Museum on fire in the capital Dhaka

    A photo of the prime minister's father thrown on the ground at Bangabandhu Memorial MuseumImage source, Getty Images
  17. 'My country is free again': Bangladesh celebrates PM Hasina's departurepublished at 15:39 British Summer Time 5 August

    Fatima, a 17-year-old protester in Dhaka, talks to the BBC
    Image caption,

    Fatima says her brother and sisters have fought for freedom

    Big crowds in Bangladesh's capital Dhaka have been celebrating the forced resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, who has reportedly landed in India after fleeing the country.

    "I'm here to enjoy my freedom. My country is free again," 17-year-old student Fatima tells the BBC.

    "Me and my brother and sisters have fought for it - and it's finally freedom.

    "We can do what we love [doing] - not what we're told to do," she adds.

    Tasnuva Ahmed, who is an etrepreneur, talks to the BBC
    Image caption,

    Tasnuva Ahmed, who is a businesswoman, talks to the BBC

    "The last few weeks made us so depressed... we had lost our freedom of speech," Tasnuva Ahmed, who is a businesswoman, tells the BBC.

    "And today you can see everyone is out here. Victory is here," she says, adding that the main priority now is to tackle widespread corruption.

  18. What's happening in Bangladesh?published at 15:20 British Summer Time 5 August

    A large number of anti-government protesters on top of Bangladesh's presidential palaceImage source, Getty Images

    If you're just joining us, here is all latest on an historic day in Bangladesh:

    • Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, who has led Bangladesh since 2009, has resigned and fled the country after weeks of protests against her government
    • Hasina is reported to have flown to India as thousands of demonstrators advanced towards her official residence
    • Widespread celebrations have broken out in the streets since her resignation was announced, but there are also scattered reports of looting, with the AFP news agency reporting at least 20 people have been killed in Dhaka
    • Elsewhere, there have been reports of police buildings set on fire and a statue of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman - Hasina's father and independence leader - was vandalised
    • In a televised address, the head of the army said an interim government will be formed - hopefully by the end of the day. Gen Waker-uz-Zaman did not say who would head it. As yet, there has been no further word on that
    • Since demonstrations against civil service hiring quotas broke out last month, hundreds of people have been killed in clashes with security forces. These demonstrations morphed into a revolt against Hasina's government

    Stay with us and we will continue to bring you all the latest updates from Bangladesh and India.

  19. At least 20 reported killed in Dhaka violence on Monday - AFPpublished at 15:04 British Summer Time 5 August

    Two men carry chairs in front of a burning buildingImage source, Getty Images

    At least 20 people are reported to have been killed in violent clashes in Bangladesh's capital Dhaka so far today.

    "We've got 20 bodies here," Bacchu Mia, a police inspector at Dhaka Medical College Hospital, tells AFP news agency, without giving any further details.

    The reported casualty numbers have not been independently verified.

  20. In pictures: Celebrations and looting on streets of Dhakapublished at 14:39 British Summer Time 5 August

    As we have reported, thousands of people have gone out in Bangladesh’s capital Dhaka to celebrate the resignation of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina.

    But amongst the celebrations, there are reports of looting. Demonstrators breaking into Hasina's official residence and taking furniture with a statue of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman - Hasina's father - vandalised.

    Let’s take a look at what’s been like in Dhaka today:

    Protestors shake hands with army officers on the streets of DhakaImage source, Reuters
    Image caption,

    People have been shaking hands with military officers. Earlier the head of the army said an interim government would be formed

    Close up of blurred hands about the clap with a background in focus of protestors standing on a large billboard waving flags of BangladeshImage source, Reuters
    A statue of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman with several protestors standing on top as it is being vandalised
    Image caption,

    A statue of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in Ganabhaban - the prime minister's official residence - has been vandalised by protesters

    A statue of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman with ropes tied onImage source, Shahnewaz Rocky / BBC