Summary

  • The Rosetta spacecraft has collided with a comet

  • Scientists hope to obtain stunning images and valuable data in the final moments of the descent

  • Rosetta reached the comet in August 2014 after a 10-year journey

  • Three months later, the spacecraft deployed a tiny lander, Philae, which landed on the comet

  • Rosetta has now the lander on the icy surface of the comet signalling the end of the mission

  1. Farewellpublished at 13:04 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

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  2. Mission vollendet!published at 12:40 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    The first congratulatory message may have been in English, but the European Space Agency is tweeting "mission complete" in an array of languages from member nations.

    Four tweets from @ESA_Rosetta proclaiming "mission complete" in multiple languagesImage source, ESA_Rosetta / Twitter
  3. A long restpublished at 12:30 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    The mission's Twitter account tweets its success with an illustration - that's a fairy tale Rosetta holds for reading material, titled "once upon a time...".

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  4. Bye bye Rosettapublished at 12:28 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    The mission's been a success, say space controllers.

    They confirm it's collided with the comet it's been chasing and studying.

    "We've done it," said the European Space Agency.

  5. No heartbeatpublished at 12:26 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    The frequency carrier signal from Rosetta should have a large peak in its centre - as soon as that disappeared, a few claps and a muted cheer rose from the crowd at mission control.

    It's assumed the spacecraft crashed into the comet - ending the signal right on time.

    The green graph showing Rosetta's signal dissappearsImage source, ESA
  6. Mission overpublished at 12:22 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    Rosetta has ended its mission to a comet. Contact with the spacecraft has been lost, marking the end of its quest.

  7. The science keeps coming inpublished at 12:16 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

  8. The big picturepublished at 12:16 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    Mission control briefly showed this rough grid of many of the photographs they've received, giving an overview of the area - but each image is, itself, a high-resolution one.

    They'll stitch them together carefully later, creating a high-resolution surface image.

    A 20-image composite shows a wide view of the landing site.Image source, ESA/Rosetta
    Image caption,

    A 20-image composite shows a wide view of the landing site, made of many images taken during the descent

  9. Is there a chance Rosetta will bounce?published at 12:08 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    Could Rosetta follow the lead of the Philae lander, and bounce off the surface?

    "It's a good possibility," Mark McCaughrean tells the live webcast from mission control. "But we won't know, because we turn off when we touch the surface."

    "This is space, anything can happen out there."

  10. Waiting for newspublished at 12:08 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

  11. Final rest?published at 11:57 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    The small marker in the bottom right of this photo marks Rosetta's final resting place, if all goes to plan.

    This photo shows the spot of the Rosetta landing site, with a small blue dotImage source, European Space Agency
  12. Dot marks the spotpublished at 11:46 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    This is where they think it's landed.

  13. Mission over?published at 11:41 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    Rosetta should have hit the comet, according to space controllers.

    We should get confirmation within an hour.

  14. Into the final momentspublished at 11:37 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

  15. As told in picturespublished at 11:28 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    Physicist Dr Paul Coxon has helpfully condensed the decade-long mission into a single tweet. 

    It's been retweeted the European Space Agency account, too.

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  16. Excitement in the control roompublished at 11:27 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

  17. What's been found out?published at 11:23 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    • Eleven scientific instruments to sniff and photograph the comet at all angles. 

    • More than 100,000 images taken - with images up to the moment of impact.  

    • Information on how the comet - the shape of a rubber duck - was formed. 

    • Some surprises - the comet surface was harder than expected, with less water ice and lots of rocks

    • Water - it's a different "flavour" than back on Earth

    • The smell - scientists say it's a mixture of rotten eggs, horse urine, alcohol and bitter almonds.

  18. Why crash Rosetta at all?published at 11:09 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    Rosetta was never designed to land on the comet - but the mission team have decided to do it anyway.

    Why? To end the mission "in a controlled and scientifically valuable way".

    Rosetta’s moving alongside the comet away from the Sun – and that means it has less solar power to run things.

    "Already, spacecraft operators are having to share the power between the instruments because not all of them can be switched on at the same time any more," Esa said.

    "In the absence of sufficient power, further out on its orbit around the Sun, the remaining fuel in the spacecraft would freeze."

    So before that happens, the Rosetta team will try to put it down on the comet – and learn what they can.

  19. The final manoeuvrepublished at 11:02 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    Rosetta spacecraft
    Image caption,

    Watch how the spacecraft got ready for the dive

  20. Latest image of the cometpublished at 10:44 British Summer Time 30 September 2016

    The spacecraft has taken this picture from 5.8km away.

    The comet from 5.8km awayImage source, ESA
    Image caption,

    A new closer picture of the comet