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The interests of society are a "legitimate interest", the judge says. She says there is "not a shred of evidence" supporting the perception that Pistorius and Reeva Steenkamp argued on the night of her killing.
She also says there is "no indication" the victim was in an abusive relationship or this was a case of "gender violence".
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Murder is always a very serious crime - the fact Pistorius thought he had killed an intruder does not make it less serious, the judge says.
At the time of the shooting, he was on his stumps. He then put on his prosthetic legs.
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During his incarceration, the athlete completed a number of courses. He is not anti-social or psychopathic and he does not want to use firearms again, the judge says, quoting the psychologist's findings. He is enrolled for a BSE degree at the University of London, she says.
A BBC reporter tweets more on the judge's summary of Pistorius's upbringing:
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Judge Masipa is discussing the evidence given by defence witness, psychologist Jonathan Scholtz, who said in the hearing in June that Pistorius was suffering from "major depression".
He said that during the period since the killing of Reeva Steenkamp the athlete had developed a serious psychiatric condition which had become worse over the past two years.
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The judge has begun delivering her sentencing of the Olympic and Paralympic athlete. She says the sentence will be "based on fairness and proportion".
She will also consider the victims of the offence and the main purposes of punishment, including retribution, deterrence and rehabilitation.
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Pumza Fihlani
BBC News, Pretoria
Oscar Pistorius has arrived in court, waiting for proceedings to get under way.
Murder carries a 15-year minimum jail term in South Africa.
Judge Thokozile Masipa will have to consider whether there are compelling reasons for deviating from the prescribed sentence.
After the sentencing, there are two options.
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