We're ending our live coverage of G20 now, but thanks for joining us as we reported on everything that happened during the historic summit.

This page was brought to you by teams in Delhi and London, including Cherylann Mollan, Meryl Sebastian, Zoya Mateen, Nikhila Henry, Antariksh Jain, Devang Shah, Nikita Mandhani, Bimal Thankachan, Anshul Verma, Vikas Pandey, Soutik Biswas, Yogita Limaye, Chris Mason, Archana Shukla and Anbarasan Ethirajan. It was edited by Geeta Pandey and Sharanya Hrishikesh.

Image source, Getty Images

The two-day G20 summit in Delhi has been a triumph for India as world leaders lavished praise over its role in negotiating a tricky consensus on the joint statement.

We witnessed some surreal scenes today - with Western leaders and Russia defended the wording of the joint declaration, explaining how it reflected their positions on the Ukraine war. However, Ukraine has clearly said that it is disappointed at the statement.

The day also threw up some heartwarming photographs and videos, as world leaders paid their tributes to Indian independence icon Mahatma Gandhi in the morning.

And then there are the far-reaching announcements from yesterday, including the addition of the African Union in the G20.

India’s presidency ends in November - PM Modi has proposed that a virtual summit be held that month to review the suggestions and proposals put forward by members.

And then it’s over to Brazil for the next year.

Yogita Limaye
Reporting from G20

Image source, Russian foreign ministry

Even though Russian President Vladimir Putin didn’t attend the summit, it’s evident that the country continues to enjoy a very close relationship with the host nation India. This photo of Prime Minister Modi and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov, taken at an informal meeting on the final day of the G20 summit, is being seen by many as evidence of how comfortable and friendly the ties are.

With the consensus paragraph on the war in Ukraine not mentioning Russia reflecting India’s neutral stance - it’s never directly called out Moscow for the war - both countries have reasons to be happy with the outcome.

Image source, Amitabh Kant via Twitter

G20 leaders have showered fulsome praise on the joint declaration.

PM Sunak said yesterday that the statement had "very strong language" about the Ukraine war, while French President Emmanuel Macron said on Sunday that arriving at a consensus was "reasonably easy".

A little while ago, even Russia's Lavrov said the wording of the statement "fully" reflected Moscow's position.

But those in the know said it took a lot of hard work to prepare the joint statement.

Amitabh Kant, India's chief negotiator, said finalising the draft was "the most complex part of the entire G20".

Kant said it took over 200 hours of "non-stop negotiations", 300 bilateral meetings and 15 drafts to reach a consensus on paragraphs related to Russia and Ukraine.

"In this, I was greatly assisted by two brilliant officers," he wrote on X (formerly Twitter), tagging Indian diplomats Eenam Gambhir and Nagaraj Naidu Kakanur.

Canada's Justin Trudeau has said that his country would "continue to stand strong against Russian aggression in Ukraine". He was responding to a question from the BBC's Samira Hussain on whether the language referring to Ukraine in the joint declaration should have been stronger.

Image source, Getty Images

Canada's Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has said that if it were up to just him, the language on the Ukraine war in the joint declaration would have been stronger.

"And if it were up to other leaders [in the G20], it would have been much weaker," he said, adding that they worked hard to arrive at a consensus.

He was responding to questions on why he agreed to the declaration, which Ukraine has called "disappointing" for its refusal to condemn Russia. Before travelling to India for the summit, Trudeau had said he was disappointed that Volodymyr Zelensky wasn't "invited" and promised to advocate for Ukraine.

Trudeau also responded to questions about his "strained relationship" with PM Modi - the Canadian leader did not attend last night's dinner hosted by President Droupadi Murmu.

"We have always shared a good relationship in which we are able to talk frankly about difficult issues and we will continue to have that," he said, adding that he missed the dinner because of "a scheduling issue".

While the official G20 summit has ended, leaders are still holding bilateral talks on the sidelines and some are addressing press conferences.

Minutes ago, we heard from French President Emmanuel Macron who hit out at Russia for its invasion of Ukraine.

"The G20 supports territorial integrity in UN charters. That is the opposite of what Russia is doing," he told reporters in Delhi.

Image source, Getty Images

The French president said that Putin did not attend the Delhi summit because "he has been sanctioned by many of us - and that is with good reason". Moscow has sent Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov instead.

Macron added that the consensus on the joint declaration was "reasonably easy".

"I gave my remarks on where there was room to improve," he said.

Earlier today, Macron held bilateral talks with PM Modi where the two leaders discussed a series of issues, including India-France relations.

Anbarasan Ethirajan
South Asia Regional Editor

Delhi has used the G20 to project itself as a global power - and with a successful joint declaration, analysts say it has been able to achieve some of these ambitions.

But India’s rise has caused some wariness among its immediate neighbours.

India and Pakistan are at loggerheads over several issues.

Whenever I visit other south Asian capitals like Kathmandu or Dhaka, I can see anti-India sentiment among a section of people gaining ground.

Nepal expects Delhi to address bilateral issues causing irritants in ties. A water-sharing dispute is causing a lot of hurt in Dhaka.

Some in Bhutan feel that India stands in the way of Thimpu reaching a border settlement with its giant northern neighbour China.

Sri Lankans, battered by the economic crisis, are watching, rather helplessly, the ongoing China-India rivalry being played out in their country.

The successful conclusion of the G20 summit has no doubt boosted Delhi’s international image.

But can India become a global power without taking its neighbours along?

Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has said his country did not expect a consensus on the section about Ukraine in the G20 joint declaration.

Lavrov was responding to a question from the BBC's Yogita Limaye who asked the minister for his views on why all the G20 members had agreed on the language in the statement which differed significantly from the one in Bali last year.

"Perhaps it was the voice of their conscience," Lavrov said. "Frankly speaking, we didn't expect that. We were ready to defend our wording of the text."

Adding that "we cannot isolate that paragraph [on Ukraine and Russia] from the rest of the declaration", he said it was a sign that the Global South was no longer willing to be lectured.

"They don't want to be told to follow the Zelensky formula. This is disrespectful to developing countries," he said. "This is neo colonialism from Western countries and they have failed this time."

Russia's Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov has called the Delhi G20 summit a "milestone" in remarks made at a press conference.

Lavrov said that India as G20 president had played a decisive role in building consensus on the Ukraine paragraphs in the joint declaration. He added that the wording "fully reflects our position".

The statement speaks about the suffering caused by the war in Ukraine but does not directly mention Russia or criticise it.

Ukraine has expressed its disappointment at the language of the declaration.

Speaking on Sunday, Lavrov said, "The crisis is mentioned but only in reference to all conflicts and those being resolved in accordance with the UN charter."

"The paragraph is more about geopolitical realities in general. It also contains an important point about how to proceed with food security. It fully reflects our position," he added.

The fact that Western countries - which have strongly condemned Russia's invasion - consented to the language is a step in the right direction, he said.

He also reiterated that Russia was ready to resume the Black Sea grain deal if its conditions were met.

Image source, PIB

In a continuation of the themes highlighted at the Delhi summit, the problems faced by developing countries dominated Brazilian President Lula's speech after he formally accepted the G20 presidency.

"We are living in a world where wealth is more concentrated, in which millions of human beings still go hungry, where sustainable development is always threatened, in which global governance institutions still reflect the reality of middle of the last century," he said.

Lula listed social inclusion, the fight against hunger, energy transition and sustainable development as Brazil's G20 priorities and said he wanted greater representation of developing countries at the UN Security Council and the World Bank.

In his speech, Lula also said that he was "touched and emotional" while paying tribute to Indian independence leader Mahatma Gandhi this morning.

"Everybody knows that in my political life, Mahatma Gandhi has great meaning because the struggle with non-violence was a role model that I followed for many decades when I was in the labour movement."

Brazil's G20 presidency will begin on 1 December.

The "family photo" is a G20 tradition where all the members pose for a photograph together. It signifies unity between the world's leaders and makes for a great photo for news websites and front pages of newspapers.

But in Delhi, this photo did not happen. India, which holds the presidency of this year's G20, hasn't shared a reason, nor have any of the other countries.

Image source, Getty Images

This is not the first time the G20 has skipped the tradition - there was no "family photo" at last year's Bali summit either. Reports say many leaders had refused to be photographed, pointing to Russia's presence at the summit.

One report, however, described a photograph of all the leaders and other invited guests taken on Sunday during their visit to the Mahatma Gandhi memorial as the official "family photo" from Delhi's G20.

Image source, PIB

PM Modi announced the end of the summit after the G20 formally adopted the joint declaration and handed over the presidency to Brazil.

Brazil's President Lula said during it tenure, the country would work to "build a fair world and a sustainable planet".

As the summit ended, Modi proposed a virtual G20 meeting in November while the presidency still remains with India to "sum up and take stock" of the resolutions of the summit.

While the summit is officially over, leaders are still holding bilateral talks on the sidelines, some are holding meetings with the press and releasing statements.

Soutik Biswas
Reporting from Delhi

Image source, Getty Images

According to recent polls, most Indians believe that global respect for India has risen during Narendra Modi's tenure as prime minister.

A Pew Research Centre poll on the eve of the G20 summit found that Modi and India’s global influence are “viewed favourably” at home.

A domestic poll by CSDS-NDTV had 54% of respondents saying that India was now a world leader under Modi’s leadership. (Some 27% didn’t agree.)

Many believe the summit unofficially kickstarts a not-so-subtle campaign for the general election next year. Modi’s photograph adorns G20 posters all over the capital, Delhi, and many other parts of the country.

But the question is: will the G20 boost Modi’s standing with voters?

Under his leadership, the BJP has won two general elections and emerged as India’s strongest party. On the other hand, it controls only half of India’s 28 states and polls indicate people are unhappy with rising joblessness and inflation.

Yet, pollsters say Modi is poised to win a record third successive term. A small part of this could be due to a popular perception that he has increased India’s global stature.

Watch PM Modi officially handing over the G20 presidency to Brazil's President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva - and Lula reminding him to give the sound block with it as well!

Chris Mason
Political editor

Rishi Sunak has conveyed "significant concerns about Chinese interference in the UK's parliamentary democracy" to the country's premier Li Qiang, a No 10 spokesman has said.

The two leaders spoke on the sidelines of the G20 summit in Delhi on Sunday.

A big story in the UK this morning is the arrest of two people under the Official Secrets Act, amid claims that a parliamentary researcher was spying for China.

The Sunday Times, external reports that one of the men, in his 20s, was a researcher with links to several Conservative MPs.

Chinese President Xi Jinping is not at the summit in Delhi.

India has passed on the G20 presidency to Brazil with PM Modi handing over the gavel to President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva.

Brazil has said that during its presidency in 2024, it will prioritise poverty, sustainable development and the reform of global governance in organisations like the International Monetary Fund and the UN Security Council.

On Saturday, Lula also said, external that President Putin would not be arrested if he attended the summit in Rio de Janeiro next year.

Image source, ANI

Putin has repeatedly skipped international gatherings and did not attend the summits in Delhi or Bali.

The G20 presidency will be taken over by South Africa in 2025 and the the US in 2026.

On Saturday, leaders of India, Brazil, South Africa and the US met on the sidelines of the summit and released a joint statement, saying, “As the G20’s current and next three presidencies, we will build on the historic progress of India’s G20 Presidency to address global challenges.”

The four countries reaffirmed their "shared commitment to the G20 as the premier forum for international economic cooperation".

President Biden was the first to leave India after the summit, as we wrote earlier. Now, our correspondent Chris Mason has sent a photo of the German, Spanish and Argentinian planes at the Delhi airport, waiting to fly out with their delegations later.

Archana Shukla
India business correspondent

A few days ago, India's foreign minister sparked a discussion with his comments on how the G20 has traditionally been dominated by developed countries.

But a slow shift in power dynamics - driven by economics - is already visible in the forum with emerging giants, particularly in Asia, taking centrestage.

While the advanced market economies of the West grapple with challenges stemming from the pandemic and the Russia-Ukraine conflict, Asia has been the driving force behind global growth.

The IMF predicts that China and India will together account for roughly half of global growth this year. India’s young, aspiring population is emerging both as a large producer as well as consumer for the world.

As Beijing faces hurdles in post-Covid recovery and the US and Europe seek to diversify supply chains away from China, India, Vietnam and other Southeast Asian nations have emerged as credible alternatives.

Image source, Getty Images

President Biden says this year's summit has shown that G20 can still offer solutions to global issues.

"At a moment when the global economy is suffering from the overlapping shocks of the climate crisis, fragility and conflict, this year’s summit proved that the G20 can still drive solutions to our most pressing issues," he wrote on X (formerly Twitter) moments before he left for Vietnam.

The US president's comments come at a time when the G20's relevance is being increasingly questioned, especially with the rise of regional forums like Brics and Asean on the international stage.

With growing inequality, high food and fuel prices, and climate change, many countries also accuse the forum of focusing on an outdated global distribution of power which favours developed nations.