India election 2019: 6-10 May the week that was
- Published
Nirmala Sitharaman is India's defence minister
India is in full election mode: voting began on 11 April, and the final ballot will be cast on 19 May with results out on 23 May. Every day, the BBC will be bringing you all the latest updates on the twists and turns of the world's largest democracy.
On Friday... India's defence minister disputed former officers over 'warship holiday' claim
What happened?
India's defence minister has criticised ex-officers who had dismissed Prime Minister Narendra Modi's claim that former PM Rajiv Gandhi and his family used India Navy's INS Viraat aircraft carrier for a "holiday".
Nirmala Sitharaman told reporters that there was extensive media coverage between December 1987 and May 1988 that reported about the alleged "private party".
"They [the ex-officers] probably chose not to know about it," she said, adding that these former officers were under the "domain" of Mr Gandhi at the time.
Vinod Pasricha, who commanded the INS Viraat when Mr Gandhi was the prime minister in 1987, had said Mr Modi's claim was "completely false".
Other retired and high-ranking officers have also refuted Mr Modi's claims. Admiral L Ramdas, a former chief of the Indian Navy, said that "no ships were specially diverted for the personal use of the Gandhi family".
The officer told Indian media that Mr Gandhi, the father of current Congress party president Rahul Gandhi, was in the Lakshwadeep island on "official work" at the time.
Mr Modi made the comments during a campaign rally in Delhi on Wednesday. He repeated the accusation on Twitter, attaching a magazine article from 1988 as proof.
The Congress party has also rejected Mr Modi's claim.
Why does this matter?
Mr Modi and his Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) have been consistently attacking Rajiv Gandhi and his policies. Mr Modi earlier said that the former PM was the "number one corrupt" man in the country when he died.
But the officers' statements have cast doubts over Mr Modi's recent claim.
His slurs against Rajiv Gandhi - twice within the span of a week - have already elicited widespread criticism from opposition leaders and analysts.
Ms Sitharaman's strong defence of the PM shows that the BJP is not going back down on its accusations.
It's also clear that as the campaign comes to an end - only two more phases of polling remain - things are getting personal between the Gandhi family and Mr Modi.
On Thursday, PM Modi targeted Rajiv Gandhi...again
Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated by a suicide bomber in 1991 during a campaign rally
What happened?
Prime Minister Narendra Modi once again accused former PM Rajiv Gandhi of wrongdoing - this time, he said Mr Gandhi and his family had used INS Viraat, a naval aircraft carrier, to take them to an island for a "family holiday".
He alleged that the warship was diverted from its position protecting India's maritime border to transport the family and stayed at the island at their disposal for 10 days in the 1980s. He also accused Mr Gandhi of using naval officers for personal security during that time.
Mr Modi made the comments on Wednesday during a campaign rally in Delhi. He also tweeted the accusation, attaching a magazine article from 1988 as proof.
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The Gandhi family has not responded to the allegation as yet.
Why does this matter?
This is the second time this week Mr Modi has accused Rajiv Gandhi, the father of current Congress party president Rahul Gandhi. Earlier this week, he had said Rajiv Gandhi was the "number one corrupt" man in the country when he died.
Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated by a suicide bomber in 1991 during a campaign rally.
Mr Modi's comments drew widespread criticism from various opposition leaders and commentators but he had refused to back down.
Rahul Gandhi's only response had been a tweet in which he warned Mr Modi that his "karma" awaited him, before signing off with a hug.
His sister Priyanka Gandhi has been more combative though. In a tweet in Hindi she said, "The prime minister who seeks votes in the name of martyrs has insulted the martyrdom of a good and righteous man in a flurry of uncontrolled slurs. The people of Amethi [Rahul Gandhi's constituency] will give him a reply, for whom Rajiv Gandhi gave his life. Mr Modi - the country never forgives those who cheat."
However, the Gandhi family has not responded to Mr Modi's latest allegation.
On Wednesday, Rahul Gandhi apologised to the top court
What happened?
India's main opposition Congress party president Rahul Gandhi "unconditionally apologised" to the country's Supreme Court for wrongly attributing a campaign jibe on PM Narendra Modi to its judges.
In an affidavit to the court, Mr Gandhi said he had "unintentionally and inadvertently" used the court's name to show that Mr Modi was corrupt.
The comment in question was made on 10 April when Mr Gandhi said that the court's decision to re-examine an earlier verdict clearing the government of corruption charges in the Rafale jets deal proved that the "chowkidar" or watchman - a term Mr Modi has adopted in his campaign - was indeed a "thief."
Why does this matter?
Mr Gandhi's apology came in the middle of an intense electoral battle between Mr Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and Mr Gandhi's Congress.
His comment saw the BJP almost immediately file a case in the top court, which saw him being ordered to explain his statement and also issue an apology.
He replied to the notice, saying he "regretted" attributing his statement to the court.
Mr Gandhi is the president of the main opposition Congress party
But the BJP's lawyer told the court on 30 April that Mr Gandhi's reply "fell short" of an apology. The court then gave Mr Gandhi time until 10 May to issue a formal apology.
The Congress party said that Mr Gandhi had apologised to the court and not to Mr Modi.
Mr Gandhi has often alleged that corruption happened in the jet deal and Mr Modi favoured some businessmen.
...the Grand Alliance held a massive rally
Tens of thousands of people showed up for the Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance) rally in Azamgarh, a constituency in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh.
"There is constant cheering and clapping as supporters flash victory signs," says our correspondent Geeta Pandey, who is at the rally.
The opposition alliance, which has seen two of the state's most powerful regional parties set aside their political feuding and band together against Mr Modi, is confident that they will emerge victorious, she adds.
Here are a few scenes from the rally:
And Narendra Modi defended his slur on Rajiv Gandhi
What happened?
India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi refused to back down from a statement where he attacked former PM Rajiv Gandhi, saying that when he died, he was the "number one corrupt" man in the country. "Your father [Rajiv Gandhi] may have been declared Mr. Clean by his courtiers. But he died as "Bhrashtachari No.1," Mr Modi said at a rally in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh.
Rajiv Gandhi, the father of current Congress party president Rahul Gandhi, was assassinated by a suicide bomber in 1991 during a campaign rally.
Mr Modi's comments were roundly criticised by not only the Congress party but also leaders belonging to other opposition parties. However in an interview, Mr Modi defended his comment, saying he was stating a "fact".
Why does this matter?
The Indian prime minister's broadside on Rajiv Gandhi has taken many by surprise.
It has elicited condemnation not just from the Congress party, but other regional opposition leaders, political commentators and even former political opponents of Rajiv Gandhi.
Writing an opinion for the Indian Express newspaper, external, Rajmohan Gandhi, who fought an election against Rajiv Gandhi in 1989, said "If there were some in India in 1991 who thought of Rajiv as India's most corrupt person, I did not meet them. No MP, whether in government or opposition, seemed to think of Rajiv as personally corrupt. All were shaken by the brutal assassination of a fine human being and grieved over it."
More than 200 professors from India's elite Delhi University have signed a letter condemning Mr Modi's remarks.
Some analysts have said that the prime minister's comments were a sign of "desperation" and showed that he "knew" his party was not going to perform as well as expected in the ongoing election. Others say that he is merely ensuring that he polarises the electorate against a resurgent Congress to ensure that his victory is not a marginal one.
Whatever the reason, Mr Modi has dug his heels in. He has not only refused to back down but he has also "challenged" the Congress party to make the final two phases of the poll about Rajiv Gandhi and his corruption.
Rahul Gandhi's only response was this tweet which has been praised by many commentators:
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His sister Priyanka has been more combative though. In a tweet in Hindi she said, "The prime minister who seeks votes in the name of martyrs has insulted the martyrdom of a good and righteous man in a flurry of uncontrolled slurs. The people of Amethi will give him a reply, for whom Rajiv Gandhi gave his life. Mr Modi - the country never forgives those who cheat."
On Tuesday... Kashmir voters 'rejected' polling and a cyclone caused a political storm
What happened in Kashmir?
The Anantnag constituency in Indian-administered Kashmir, which saw a militant attack in February that killed more than 40 Indian troops, has recorded a dismally low voter turnout at 8.7% in the fifth phase of India's marathon election.
In 2014, 29% of the registered voters had showed up to cast their ballot in Anantnag, which includes Pulwama town where the attack took place.
The fifth phase concluded elections for all six seats in Indian-administered Kashmir, which witnessed an overall turnout of 44%.
Why is this important?
The voter turnout reflects the battle of narratives in the constituency. Several separatist leaders had called for a boycott of the polls, while political parties and the Election Commission had appealed to people to vote in large numbers.
Anantnag is the only constituency in the country where polling was held in three phases due to security concerns.
"This year was different," Kashmir-based journalist Riyaz Malik told BBC Hindi.
"The Pulwama attack and the tensions with Pakistan dominated the elections. Kashmir has only six seats so it is not as electorally important as other bigger states, but despite this, the region was at the centre of the election rhetoric."
The suicide attack in Pulwama in February, claimed by a Pakistan-based militant group, brought India and Pakistan to the brink of war.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi and his governing Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) have consistently raised the Pulwama attack during the campaign.
The BJP has often said that Mr Modi's government took a decisive action to "avenge" the attack by sending Indian jets inside Pakistani territory.
Analysts say that Mr Modi and his party could witness a "boost" in votes after making national security one of their main electoral planks.
But Mr Malik believes that this "muscular narrative" may have actually "instilled fear among the locals" in Kashmir.
He added that boycott calls from separatists were common, but locals would still show up and wait in line to vote.
"There is a strong sense of dissatisfaction, which has probably contributed to a low voter turnout this year."
Cyclone Fani was back in the eye of the storm
What is happening?
Cyclone Fani, which struck India's eastern coast last week, has become a subject of political bickering between India's PM and a regional leader who has ambitions of becoming the next prime minister.
West Bengal Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee has criticised Prime Minister Narendra Modi after he accused her of "playing politics" over the cyclone.
Mr Modi had accused her of not being serious about assessing the damage caused by the cyclone.
The cyclone killed at least 16 people and destroyed thousands of homes in eastern India last week.
Why does this matter?
The verbal duel between the two leaders reflects the tough electoral battle their parties are fighting in West Bengal.
Ms Banerjee's Trinamool Congress won 34 out of 42 seats in the state in 2014, while Mr Modi's Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won two seats. The BJP's may have won just seats but its vote share went up in a state where it hardly had any presence.
In 2019, Mr Modi has reportedly set a target of winning 23 seats, and that seems to have sparked a series of verbal confrontations between the two leaders.
The most recent one started when Mr Modi accused her of not taking his calls to set up a meeting to review the damage caused by the cyclone.
"I tried to talk to her [Ms Banerjee] but her arrogance is so much that she refused to talk to me. I kept waiting with hope that she will call back but she did not," Mr Modi said at a rally.
In reply, Ms Banerjee said she did not consider Mr Modi "the country's PM".
"I do not want to be seen with him on the same platform. I will speak to the next prime minister. We can take care of the cyclone damage by ourselves. We do not need the centre's [federal government] help ahead of polls," she said.
But this wasn't the first time the two leaders have aired their "differences" in a very public manner.
Ms Banerjee protested in the streets of the state capital, Kolkata (formerly Calcutta), in February against what she called the federal government's "intimidation and threats".
You can read more about her standoff with Mr Modi's government here.
On Monday, there were few voters at Kashmir suicide attack town
What is happening?
A constituency in Indian-administered Kashmir which saw a militant attack in February that killed more than 40 Indian troops was among the 51 seats where people are casting their votes on Monday in the fifth phase of polling in India's mammoth general election.
Pulwama district, which is part of the Anantnag constituency, was one of the areas going to the polls, but there were very few people turned up to cast their vote.
The suicide attack in Pulwama in February, claimed by a Pakistan-based militant group, brought India and Pakistan to the brink of war.
Voting is was held under tight security amid calls for a boycott from separatist leaders.
Why does this matter?
Posters calling the election a "sham exercise" was seen in many places in the districts, reported Kashmir-based journalist Sameer Yasir.
As polling booths opened at 07:00, anxious election staff and security forces were seen waiting for voters, our reporter said.
"The streets looked deserted. At certain booths, few voters showed interest in coming out to cast their votes. In the morning, a polling station in Pulwama's Rahmoo village also came under attack from militants, who lobbed a grenade at it."
Elections in Kashmir traditionally see low voter turnout.
Many people in the territory do not want it to be governed by India, preferring instead either independence or union with Pakistan.
High unemployment and allegations of human rights abuses by security forces fighting insurgents have aggravated the problem.
"We don't believe in Indian democracy and its farcical elections here," said Mumeen Ahamd, 28, a Pulwama resident.
All political parties and the Election Commission have appealed to people to vote in large numbers.
The main contenders in the area are former chief minister Mehbooba Mufti, the National Conference's Hasnain Masoodi and the Congress party's Ghulam Ahmad Mir.
Gandhis up for re-election
What is happening?
India's main opposition Congress party president Rahul Gandhi, former Congress leader Sonia Gandhi and home minister Rajnath Singh were some of the big names who faced the ballot on Monday.
Voting is took place in Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand and Indian-administered Kashmir.
Why does this matter?
Because it was a battle of big names and there was a lot of prestige on the line.
Rahul Gandhi took on federal minister Smriti Irani in the Amethi constituency of the northern state of Uttar Pradesh.
Amethi will be particularly closely watched as it is the Gandhi family's bastion. Mr Gandhi won the seat in 2004, 2009 and 2014, and his mother, Sonia Gandhi, won it in 1999.
The ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) said it was confident of defeating Mr Gandhi in his own backyard.
But Congress is expecting another win, with party officials pointing to the fact that Mr Gandhi comfortably defeated Ms Irani in 2014.
India politicians are allowed to contest more than one constituency and Mr Gandhi is also contesting from Wayanad in the southern state of Kerala, where voting has already taken place.
Sonia Gandhi is running in Raebareli - a seat in Uttar Pradesh that she won in 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2014.
India votes 2019
Coverage from previous weeks:
How do you vote in the election?
Here's a video explaining everything that happens inside a polling station - and what happens to your vote after that:
Journey of a vote
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